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The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830
The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.
_Télémaque_.
The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.
This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.
Everything tended to intensify it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.
Line 2
_Télémaque_.
Line 3
The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.
Line 4
This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.
Line 5
Everything tended to intensify it.
/ˈevriθɪŋ ˈtendɪd tuː ɪnˈtensəfaɪ ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

associated verb US /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading “The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.”

disposal noun US /dɪˈspoʊzəl/

the power to use something or someone

From this reading “The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.”

intensify verb US /ɪnˈtensəfaɪ/

increase in extent or intensity

From this reading “Everything tended to intensify it.”

merits noun US /ˈmerəts/

plural of “merit” — any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading “THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.”

strictly adverb US /ˈstrɪktli/

restricted to something

From this reading “This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.”

talents noun US /ˈtælənts/

plural of “talent” — natural abilities or qualities

From this reading “THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.”

tended verb US /ˈtendɪd/

past form of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading “Everything tended to intensify it.”

unhappiness noun US /ənˈhæpinɪs/

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

From this reading “This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

strictly limited adverb + adjective

In this reading “This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.”

associated with verb + particle counted as “associate with”

In this reading “The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.”

CHURCH Services noun + noun

In this reading “THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.”

present time verb + noun

In this reading “This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

associatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

bah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

bishopricnoun

the territorial jurisdiction of a bishop

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

CHURCHnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

côterie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

disposalnounUS /dɪˈspoʊzəl/

the power to use something or someone

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

EverythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Everything tended to intensify it.

FINESTadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəst/

superlative of “fine” — being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

intensifyverbUS /ɪnˈtensəfaɪ/

increase in extent or intensity

From this reading Everything tended to intensify it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Everything tended to intensify it.

Julien

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

limitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

meritsnounUS /ˈmerəts/

plural of “merit” — any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

PLACESnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

ServicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

sooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

strictlyadverbUS /ˈstrɪktli/

restricted to something

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

talentsnounUS /ˈtælənts/

plural of “talent” — natural abilities or qualities

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

tendedverbUS /ˈtendɪd/

past form of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading Everything tended to intensify it.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE FINEST PLACES IN THE CHURCH Services! talents! merits! bah! belong to a côterie.

Télémaque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Télémaque_.

unhappinessnounUS /ənˈhæpinɪs/

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This idea had not struck Julien at all; at the present time his thoughts were strictly limited to his actual unhappiness.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The idea of a bishopric had thus become associated with the idea of Julien in the mind of a woman, who would sooner or later have at her disposal the finest places in the Church of France.

Chapter 31 of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 by Stendhal holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 contain?

Chapter 31 holds 136 sentences of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 by Stendhal exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830

Common questions about reading The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 by Stendhal on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830?

Yes. All 10809 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44747 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44747, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2162 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 section by section

How to work through The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Scholar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corpus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Christi
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
College
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of 1830; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.