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The Red Chancellor
The Red Chancellor

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Red Chancellor is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.
The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.
Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.
Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.
After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Red Chancellor

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Red Chancellor is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.
/ðə dɑːrk weɪ aɪ hæd nɑːt bɪn mɪˈsteɪkən ɪt wɑːz ə ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən ˈpæsədʒ ðæt aɪ hæd kʌm əˈpɑːn/
Line 2
The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.
/ðə flɔːr siːmd tuː biː ɑːn ə kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˌɪnˈklaɪn ənd ɑːn ˈɡroʊpɪŋ maɪ weɪ ə fjuː jɑːrdz ɪn ðə əˈsendɪŋ dərˈekʃən aɪ faʊnd ə ʃɔːrt flaɪt ʌv stoʊn steps/
Line 3
Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.
Line 4
Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.
/hæd aɪ bʌt səˈspektɪd ðɪs aɪ maɪt hæv seɪvd ˌmaɪˈself hæf æn ˈaʊərz hɑːrd wɜːrk ˌhaʊˈevər ɪt wɑːz dʌn naʊ ənd aɪ tɜːrnd tuː bɪˈɡɪn ðə dɪˈsent ʌv ðə ˈpæsədʒ/
Line 5
After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.
/ˈæftər ˈpæsɪŋ maɪ rʌf ˈentrəns aɪ faʊnd ˌmaɪˈself feɪst æz ðə weɪ ræn ˈdiːpər ˈɪntuː ðə ɜːrθ baɪ ˈæbsəluːt ˈdɑːrknəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ascending adjective US /əˈsendɪŋ/

moving or going or growing upward

From this reading “The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.”

descent noun US /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading “Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.”

exit noun US /ˈeɡzɪt/

an opening that permits escape or release

From this reading “Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.”

fissures noun US /ˈfɪʃərz/

plural of “fissure” — a long narrow depression in a surface

From this reading “Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.”

groping adjective US /ˈɡroʊpɪŋ/

acting with uncertainty or hesitance or lack of confidence

From this reading “The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.”

hour's noun US /ˈaʊərz/

possessive form of “hour” — a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading “Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.”

incline noun US /ˌɪnˈklaɪn/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading “The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.”

subterranean adjective US /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.

From this reading “THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

subterranean passage adjective + noun

In this reading “THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.”

few yards adjective + noun counted as “few yard”

In this reading “The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.”

stone steps noun + noun

In this reading “The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.”

absolute darkness adjective + noun

In this reading “After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.”

short flight adjective + noun

In this reading “The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.”

steps led noun + noun

In this reading “Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.”

begin the descent verb + article + noun counted as “begin … descent”

In this reading “Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.”

stone flag noun + noun

In this reading “Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

ascendingadjectiveUS /əˈsendɪŋ/

moving or going or growing upward

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

CertainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

DARKnounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

deeperadverbUS /ˈdiːpər/

comparative of “deeply” — to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

descentnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

enabledverbUS /eˈneɪbəld/

past form of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

exitnounUS /ˈeɡzɪt/

an opening that permits escape or release

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

facedadjectiveUS /feɪst/

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

fissuresnounUS /ˈfɪʃərz/

plural of “fissure” — a long narrow depression in a surface

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

flagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

gropingadjectiveUS /ˈɡroʊpɪŋ/

acting with uncertainty or hesitance or lack of confidence

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

hour'snounUS /ˈaʊərz/

possessive form of “hour” — a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

inclinenounUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪn/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

light-admitting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

mistakenadjectiveUS /mɪˈsteɪkən/

wrong in e.g. opinion or judgment

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading After passing my rough entrance I found myself faced, as the way ran deeper into the earth, by absolute darkness.

savedadjectiveUS /seɪvd/

rescued; especially from the power and consequences of sin

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

subterraneanadjectiveUS /ˌsʌb.təˈreɪ.ni.ən/

Existing, occurring, or done under the earth's surface.

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

suspectedadjectiveUS /səˈspektɪd/

believed likely

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

trap-door

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certain light-admitting fissures in the earth above enabled me to see that these steps led to a sort of trap-door formed by a stone flag, giving exit, no doubt, to the surface above.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

WAYnounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading THE DARK WAY I had not been mistaken; it was a subterranean passage that I had come upon.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Had I but suspected this I might have saved myself half an hour's hard work; however, it was done now, and I turned to begin the descent of the passage.

yardsnounUS /jɑːrdz/

plural of “yard” — a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading The floor seemed to be on a considerable incline, and on groping my way a few yards in the ascending direction I found a short flight of stone steps.

Chapter 31 of The Red Chancellor by William, Sir Magnay holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Red Chancellor contain?

Chapter 31 holds 43 sentences of The Red Chancellor, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Red Chancellor by William, Sir Magnay exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Red Chancellor?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Red Chancellor

Common questions about reading The Red Chancellor by William, Sir Magnay on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Red Chancellor?

Yes. All 4450 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58952 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Red Chancellor is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58952, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Red Chancellor take to read?

About 370 minutes of reading across 890 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Red Chancellor section by section

How to work through The Red Chancellor section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of The Red Chancellor to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Red Chancellor

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Red Chancellor, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Chancellor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Magnay
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Chancellor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Chancellor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rogues
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Chancellor; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.