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The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky
The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 31 of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky by Everett MacDonald holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky contain?

Chapter 31 holds 71 sentences of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky by Everett MacDonald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky

Common questions about reading The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky by Everett MacDonald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky?

Yes. All 4308 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36047 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36047, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky take to read?

About 359 minutes of reading across 862 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky section by section

How to work through The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mighty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Imagery
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adequately
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Picture
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.
On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.
As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.
As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.
At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Red Debt: Echoes from Kentucky is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.
Line 2
On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.
Line 3
As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.
Line 4
As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.
Line 5
At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.”

Around preposition US /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading “As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.”

Same adjective US /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading “At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

ambuscader

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

BACK

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

BELLE-ANN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

bounds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

cabin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

cedars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

clump

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

COMES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

confronted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

cut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

cypress

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

dashed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

form

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

great

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

ground

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

happened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

headlong

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

increasing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

intent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

Lem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

leveled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

loop

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

madman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

marked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

murderous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

pulled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

ran

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

reached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

rushed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

scrub

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

second

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

sharp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

shot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

shotgun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

speed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On past the cabin he ran in great bounds; down the cypress cut, his speed increasing every second.

startling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

thing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As he rushed headlong down into the loop, a startling thing happened.

time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

trail

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

trigger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the same time the ambuscader pulled the trigger with murderous intent.

twist

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading BELLE-ANN COMES BACK When he reached the ground he dashed along the trail like a madman.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As Lem shot around a clump of scrub cedars that marked a sharp twist in the trail, the form of a man confronted him with a shotgun leveled at his head.