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The Red Track
The Red Track

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Red Track is here in full — 117 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
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THE RANCHO.
In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.
In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.
The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.
These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Red Track

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Red Track is here in full — 117 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE RANCHO.
Line 2
In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.
/ɪn wʌn ʌv ˈaʊər ˈpriːviəs wɜːrks wiː pruːvd baɪ ˌdɑːkjəˈmentəri ˈevədəns ðæt sɪns ðə ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən ʌv ɪts ˌɪndɪˈpendəns ðæt ɪz tuː seɪ ɪn əˈbaʊt ˈfɔːrti jɪrz ˈmeksəkoʊ hæz riːtʃt ɪts tuː ˈhʌndrəd ənd ˈθɜːrtiəθ ˌrevəˈluːʃən wɪtʃ ɡɪvz æn ˈævərɪdʒ ʌv əˈbaʊt faɪv ˌrevəˈluːʃənz ə jɪr/
Line 3
In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.
/ɪn ˈaʊər əˈpɪnjən ðɪs ɪz ˈveri ˈdiːsənt fɔːr ə ˈkʌntri wɪtʃ ɪf ɪt pliːzd rɪˈɡɑːrd ˈbiːɪŋ hæd tuː ðə ˈretrəɡreɪd ˈmeʒərz əˈdɑːptɪd baɪ ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt wʊd hæv bɪn ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd ɪn ˈhævɪŋ æt liːst wʌn ə mʌnθ/
Line 4
The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.
/ðə ˈkɑːzəz ʌv ðiːz ˌrevəˈluːʃənz ɑːr ənd mʌst biː ˈevər ðə seɪm ɪn ə ˈkʌntri wer ðə ˈseɪbər ruːlz wɪˈθaʊt kənˈtroʊl ənd wɪtʃ kaʊnts ˈtwentifɔːr ˈθaʊzənd ˈɔːfəsərz fɔːr æn ˈɑːrmi ʌv ˈtwenti ˈθaʊzənd men/
Line 5
These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

documentary noun US /ˌdɑːkjəˈmentəri/

a film or TV program presenting the facts about a person or event

From this reading “In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.”

executing noun US /ˈeksəkjuːtɪŋ/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading “These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.”

individually adverb US /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuːəli/

apart from others

From this reading “These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.”

promotion noun US /prəˈmoʊʃən/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading “These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.”

retrograde verb US /ˈretrəɡreɪd/

move backward in an orbit, of celestial bodies

From this reading “In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.”

revolutions noun US /ˌrevəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “revolution” — a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading “In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.”

sabre noun US /ˈseɪbər/

a fencing sword with a v-shaped blade and a slightly curved handle

From this reading “The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.”

thirtieth adjective US /ˈθɜːrtiəθ/

coming next after the twenty-ninth in position

From this reading “In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

forty years adjective + noun

In this reading “In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.”

twenty thousand noun + noun

In this reading “The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.”

two hundred noun + noun

being ten more than one hundred ninety

In this reading “In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.”

thousand men noun + noun

In this reading “The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.”

about five preposition + noun

In this reading “In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.”

in a country preposition + article + noun counted as “in … country”

In this reading “The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

adoptedadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

ambitiousadjectiveUS /æmˈbɪʃəs/

having a strong desire for success or achievement

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

attainedadjectiveUS /əˈteɪnd/

achieved or reached

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

averageadjectiveUS /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

chancesnounUS /ˈtʃænsəz/

plural of “chance” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

cigarettesnounUS /ˌsɪɡərˈets/

plural of “cigarette” — finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smoking

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

controlnounUS /kənˈtroʊl/

power to direct or determine

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

countsnounUS /kaʊnts/

plural of “count” — the total number counted

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

decentadjectiveUS /ˈdiːsənt/

socially or conventionally correct; refined or virtuous

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

declarationnounUS /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən/

a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

disordernounUS /dɪˈsɔːrdər/

a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

documentarynounUS /ˌdɑːkjəˈmentəri/

a film or TV program presenting the facts about a person or event

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

elevatedadjectiveUS /ˈeləveɪtɪd/

raised above the ground

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

executingnounUS /ˈeksəkjuːtɪŋ/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

generalsnounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

incapableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

(followed by “of”) lacking capacity or ability

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

independencenounUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

individuallyadverbUS /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuːəli/

apart from others

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

justifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd/

having words so spaced that lines have straight even margins

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

manoeuvrenoun

a plan for attaining a particular goal

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

MexicannounUS /ˈmeksəkən/

a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

MexiconounUS /ˈmeksəkoʊ/

a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

mouthsnounUS /maʊðz/

plural of “mouth” — the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

movementnounUS /ˈmuːvmənt/

a change of position that does not entail a change of location

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

promotionnounUS /prəˈmoʊʃən/

a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

RANCHO

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE RANCHO.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

retrogradeverbUS /ˈretrəɡreɪd/

move backward in an orbit, of celestial bodies

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

revolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

revolutionsnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃənz/

plural of “revolution” — a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

sabrenounUS /ˈseɪbər/

a fencing sword with a v-shaped blade and a slightly curved handle

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

slightestadjectiveUS /ˈslaɪtəst/

superlative of “slight” — (quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree; not much or almost none or (with “a”) at least some

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE RANCHO.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These officers, very ignorant generally, and very ambitious individually, incapable of executing the slightest manoeuvre, or commanding the most simple movement, find in the general disorder chances of promotion which they would not otherwise have, and many Mexican generals have attained their elevated rank without having once been present at a battle, or even seen any other fire than that of the cigarettes they constantly have in their mouths.

thirtiethadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːrtiəθ/

coming next after the twenty-ninth in position

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

twenty-fouradjectiveUS /ˈtwentifɔːr/

being four more than twenty

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The causes of these revolutions are and must be ever the same in a country where the sabre rules without control, and which counts _twenty-four_ thousand officers for an army of twenty thousand men.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading In our opinion, this is very decent for a country which, if it pleased, regard being had to the retrograde measures adopted by the government, would have been justified in having at least one a month.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading In one of our previous works we proved by documentary evidence that, since the declaration of its independence, that is to say, in about forty years, Mexico has reached its two hundred and thirtieth revolution which gives an average of about five revolutions a year.

Chapter 10 of The Red Track by Gustave Aimard holds 117 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Red Track contain?

Chapter 10 holds 117 sentences of The Red Track, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Red Track by Gustave Aimard exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 117 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Red Track?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Red Track

Common questions about reading The Red Track by Gustave Aimard on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Red Track?

Yes. All 3373 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42834 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Red Track is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42834, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Red Track take to read?

About 281 minutes of reading across 675 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Red Track section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Red Track

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Red Track, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Track; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Social
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Track; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mexico
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Track; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Red Track; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.