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The Red Vineyard
The Red Vineyard

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Red Vineyard is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.
Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.
They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.
Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.
It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Red Vineyard

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Red Vineyard is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.
Line 2
Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.
/sprɪŋ keɪm ənd fɔːr ðə fɜːrst taɪm aɪ sɔː ðə ˈprɪmroʊzəz wɪtʃ ɑːr əˈmʌŋ ðə fɜːrst ˈflaʊərz tuː bluːm ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 3
They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.
Line 4
Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.
Line 5
It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aristocracy noun US /ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading “They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.”

cots noun US /kɑːts/

plural of “cot” — a sheath worn to protect a finger

From this reading “Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.”

embankments noun US /emˈbæŋkmənts/

plural of “embankment” — a long artificial mound of stone or earth; built to hold back water or to support a road or as protection

From this reading “They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.”

hospitals noun US /ˈhɑːspɪtəlz/

plural of “hospital” — a health facility where patients receive treatment

From this reading “Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.”

nesting verb US /ˈnestɪŋ/

-ing form of “nest” — inhabit a nest, usually after building

From this reading “Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.”

overseas adverb US /ˈoʊvərˈsiːz/

beyond or across the sea

From this reading “Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.”

primroses noun US /ˈprɪmroʊzəz/

plural of “primrose” — any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

From this reading “Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.”

roadsides noun US /ˈroʊdsaɪdz/

plural of “roadside” — edge of a way or road or path

From this reading “They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

along the roadsides preposition + article + noun counted as “along … roadside”

In this reading “They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.”

yellow flowers adjective + noun counted as “yellow flower”

In this reading “They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.”

first time adjective + noun

In this reading “Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.”

lay on verb + particle

In this reading “Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

aristocracynounUS /ˌerəˈstɑːkrəsi/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

bloomnounUS /bluːm/

the organic process of bearing flowers

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

Bramshott

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

CampnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

CanadianadjectiveUS /kəˈneɪdiən/

of or relating to Canada or its people

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

cheeringnounUS /ˈtʃɪrɪŋ/

encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

cotsnounUS /kɑːts/

plural of “cot” — a sheath worn to protect a finger

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

DivisionnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒən/

an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

embankmentsnounUS /emˈbæŋkmənts/

plural of “embankment” — a long artificial mound of stone or earth; built to hold back water or to support a road or as protection

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

FifthnounUS /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

hedge-rows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

hospitalsnounUS /ˈhɑːspɪtəlz/

plural of “hospital” — a health facility where patients receive treatment

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

ladsnounUS /lædz/

plural of “lad” — a boy or man

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

nestingverbUS /ˈnestɪŋ/

-ing form of “nest” — inhabit a nest, usually after building

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

overseasadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈsiːz/

beyond or across the sea

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

patchesnounUS /ˈpætʃəz/

plural of “patch” — a small contrasting part of something

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

preparingverbUS /priˈperɪŋ/

-ing form of “prepare” — make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

primrosesnounUS /ˈprɪmroʊzəz/

plural of “primrose” — any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

quartered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

railwaynounUS /ˈreɪlweɪ/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

RidgenounUS /rɪdʒ/

a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

roadsidesnounUS /ˈroʊdsaɪdz/

plural of “roadside” — edge of a way or road or path

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

SACRIFICEnounUS /ˈsækrəfaɪs/

the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

seesnounUS /siːz/

plural of “see” — the seat within a bishop's diocese where his cathedral is located

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

SpringnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

ThingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

victorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

Vimy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

war-broken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading THE NEW SACRIFICE Things went much the same at Bramshott.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Spring came, and for the first time I saw the primroses, which are among the first flowers to bloom in England.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

Witley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a beautiful day when I left for Witley Camp where the Fifth Division was quartered.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Then one day when the spring birds, nesting in the great old English trees, were cheering up the poor war-broken lads that lay on their little cots in so many military hospitals throughout the country--Vimy Ridge had been fought, and many of the lads who had sailed with me had fallen that victory might come--word came that I was to join the Fifth Canadian Division, which was then preparing to go overseas.

yellowadjectiveUS /ˈjeloʊ/

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading They do not belong to the aristocracy for one sees them everywhere; along railway embankments, along the roadsides, near the hedge-rows, everywhere patches of the pretty little yellow flowers smiled the approach of spring.

Chapter 8 of The Red Vineyard by B. J. (Benedict Joseph) Murdoch holds 55 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Red Vineyard contain?

Chapter 8 holds 55 sentences of The Red Vineyard, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Red Vineyard by B. J. (Benedict Joseph) Murdoch exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 55 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Red Vineyard?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Red Vineyard

Common questions about reading The Red Vineyard by B. J. (Benedict Joseph) Murdoch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Red Vineyard?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Red Vineyard is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Red Vineyard take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Red Vineyard section by section

How to work through The Red Vineyard section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of The Red Vineyard to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Red Vineyard

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Red Vineyard, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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