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The Reign of Gilt
The Reign of Gilt

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.
He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls the triumphant classes.”
He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.
There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.
He has said: Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Reign of Gilt

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.
/ðə ˈemənənt ˈbɪʃəp ʌv ðə ɪˌpɪskəˈpeɪliən ˈdaɪəsiːz ʌv nuː jɔːrk hæz spent ˈpræktɪkli hɪz hoʊl laɪf əˈmʌŋ ˈpiːpəl ʌv welθ ənd ˈfæʃən ənd ðer əˈsoʊsiəts/
Line 2
He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton callsthe triumphant classes.”
Line 3
He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.
Line 4
There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.
/ðer kæn biː noʊ ˈkwestʃən ʌv hɪz ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃən tuː spiːk əˌθɔːrəˈteɪtɪvli ʌv ɪt ʌv ɪts moʊd ʌv ˈlɪvɪŋ ənd ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/
Line 5
He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.
/hiː hæz sed hiːr ə ɡruːp ʌv jʌŋ ɡɜːrlz huːz freʃ juːθ wʌn wʊd θɪŋk ɔːt ɪn ðə ˈmætər ʌv ðer moʊst ˈtendər ənd ˈseɪkrəd əˈfekʃən tuː biː æz friː frʌm ˈsɔːrdəd ˈɪnstɪŋkt æz frʌm ðə teɪnt ʌv ə ˈɡɑːdləs ˈsɪnɪsɪzəm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

authoritatively adverb US /əˌθɔːrəˈteɪtɪvli/

in an authoritative and magisterial manner

From this reading “There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.”

cynicism noun US /ˈsɪnɪsɪzəm/

a cynical feeling of distrust

From this reading “He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.”

diocese noun US /ˈdaɪəsiːz/

the territorial jurisdiction of a bishop

From this reading “The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.”

Episcopalian noun US /ɪˌpɪskəˈpeɪliən/

a member of the Episcopal church

From this reading “The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.”

godless adjective US /ˈɡɑːdləs/

not revering god

From this reading “He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.”

includes verb US /ˌɪnˈkluːdz/

third-person singular of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading “He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.”

qualification noun US /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃən/

an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading “There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.”

taint noun US /teɪnt/

the state of being contaminated

From this reading “He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

social relations adjective + noun

In this reading “He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.””

spending money noun + noun

cash for day-to-day spending on incidental expenses

In this reading “He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.”

most conspicuous adverb + adjective

In this reading “He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.”

young girls adjective + noun counted as “young girl”

a girl or young woman who is unmarried

In this reading “He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.”

free from verb + particle

In this reading “He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.”

most tender adverb + adjective

In this reading “He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.”

whole life adjective + noun

In this reading “The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.”

lies in verb + particle counted as “lie in”

originate (in)

In this reading “He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

affectionnounUS /əˈfekʃən/

a positive feeling of liking

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

aggressiveadjectiveUS /əˈɡresɪv/

having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

associatesnounUS /əˈsoʊsiəts/

plural of “associate” — a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

authoritativelyadverbUS /əˌθɔːrəˈteɪtɪvli/

in an authoritative and magisterial manner

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

BishopnounUS /ˈbɪʃəp/

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

callsnounUS /kɔːlz/

plural of “call” — a telephone connection

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

conspicuousadjectiveUS /kənˈspɪkjuːəs/

obvious to the eye or mind

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

cynicismnounUS /ˈsɪnɪsɪzəm/

a cynical feeling of distrust

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

diocesenounUS /ˈdaɪəsiːz/

the territorial jurisdiction of a bishop

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

eminentadjectiveUS /ˈemənənt/

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

EpiscopaliannounUS /ɪˌpɪskəˈpeɪliən/

a member of the Episcopal church

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

excursionsnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒənz/

plural of “excursion” — a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

godlessadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːdləs/

not revering god

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

HearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

includesverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdz/

third-person singular of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

instinctnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

intimacies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

modenounUS /moʊd/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

Parton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

plutocracynoun

a political system governed by the wealthy people

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

practicallyadverbUS /ˈpræktɪkli/

almost; nearly

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

qualificationnounUS /ˌkwɑːləfəˈkeɪʃən/

an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

relationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

sacredadjectiveUS /ˈseɪkrəd/

concerned with religion or religious purposes

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

sordidadjectiveUS /ˈsɔːrdəd/

morally degraded

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

spendingnounUS /ˈspendɪŋ/

the act of spending or disbursing money

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

strongholdnounUS /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊld/

a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading He knows the plutocracy; his diocese lies in its stronghold, includes many of its most conspicuous and aggressive leaders both in making and spending money.

taintnounUS /teɪnt/

the state of being contaminated

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

tenderadjectiveUS /ˈtendər/

given to sympathy or gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There can be no question of his qualification to speak authoritatively of it, of its mode of living and thinking.

triumphantadjectiveUS /traɪˈʌmfənt/

joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He has made some brief excursions, but his social relations, his intimacies have been altogether with what Parton calls “the triumphant classes.”

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading The eminent Bishop of the Episcopalian diocese of New York has spent practically his whole life among people of wealth and fashion and their associates.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading He has said: “Hear a group of young girls whose fresh youth one would think ought, in the matter of their most tender and sacred affection, to be as free from sordid instinct as from the taint of a godless cynicism.

Chapter 1 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips holds 155 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Reign of Gilt contain?

Chapter 1 holds 155 sentences of The Reign of Gilt, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 155 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Reign of Gilt?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Reign of Gilt

Common questions about reading The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Reign of Gilt?

Yes. All 2505 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Reign of Gilt is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Reign of Gilt take to read?

About 208 minutes of reading across 501 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Reign of Gilt section by section

How to work through The Reign of Gilt section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of The Reign of Gilt to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Reign of Gilt

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Reign of Gilt, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eminent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Episcopalian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Diocese
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.