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The Reign of Gilt
The Reign of Gilt

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.
Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.
The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:
“My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.
She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Reign of Gilt

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.
Line 2
Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.
/fjuː əˈmerəkənz hæv ˈeni ˈædəkwət aɪˈdiːə ʌv ðə ˈsɪstəm ʌv ˈetəkət wɪtʃ hæz ɡroʊn ʌp ðer/
Line 3
The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:
/ðə ˈʌðər deɪ ə ˈnuːli əˈpɔɪntɪd haɪ ˈɔːfəsər ʌv ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt sed/
Line 4
“My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.
/maɪ ˈdɔːtər went tuː lʌntʃ wɪð ðə ˈdɔːtər ʌv ˈsekrəteri ˈjestərdeɪ/
Line 5
She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.
/ʃiː dɪd nɑːt kʌm hoʊm ənˈtɪl lɔːŋ ˈæftər ʃiː wɑːz ɪkˈspektəd ənd hɜːr ˈmʌðər æskt hɜːr wʌt wɑːz ðə ˈmætər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adequate adjective US /ˈædəkwət/

having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading “Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.”

bolster verb US /ˈboʊlstər/

support and strengthen

From this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

citadel noun US /ˈsɪt.ə.del/

A fortress protecting a city, metaphorically representing the invincible inner sanctuary of the rational mind.

From this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

democratic adjective US /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

etiquette noun US /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading “Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.”

follies noun US /ˈfɑːliz/

a revue with elaborate costuming

From this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

pretensions noun US /prəˈtenʃənz/

plural of “pretension” — a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

superiority noun US /ˌsuːpɪriˈɔːrɪti/

the quality of being superior

From this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

outward signs adjective + noun counted as “outward sign”

In this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

adequate idea adjective + noun

In this reading “Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.”

national capital adjective + noun

the capital city of a nation

In this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

great cities adjective + noun counted as “great city”

In this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

come home verb + noun

become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

In this reading “She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.”

other day adjective + noun

In this reading “The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:”

WHITE HOUSE noun + noun

the chief executive department of the United States government

In this reading “THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.”

lunch with verb + particle

In this reading ““My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

adequateadjectiveUS /ˈædəkwət/

having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

AmericansnounUS /əˈmerəkənz/

plural of “american” — a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

bolsterverbUS /ˈboʊlstər/

support and strengthen

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

citadelnounUS /ˈsɪt.ə.del/

A fortress protecting a city, metaphorically representing the invincible inner sanctuary of the rational mind.

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

democraticadjectiveUS /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

etiquettenounUS /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

FewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

folliesnounUS /ˈfɑːliz/

a revue with elaborate costuming

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

high-set

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

HOUSEnounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

lunchverbUS /lʌntʃ/

take the midday meal

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

MADE-OVER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

money-caste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

newlyadverbUS /ˈnuːli/

very recently

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

plutocracy's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

pretensionsnounUS /prəˈtenʃənz/

plural of “pretension” — a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The other day a newly appointed high officer of the Government said:

SecretarynounUS /ˈsekrəteri/

a person who is head of an administrative department of government

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

superioritynounUS /ˌsuːpɪriˈɔːrɪti/

the quality of being superior

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

swingverbUS /swɪŋ/

move in a curve or arc, usually with the intent of hitting

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She did not come home until long after she was expected, and her mother asked her what was the matter.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Few Americans have any adequate idea of the system of etiquette which has grown up there.

WHITEnounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading THE MADE-OVER WHITE HOUSE We find plutocracy’s follies in full swing not alone in the great cities, East and West, where the money-caste must have outward signs of superiority to bolster up its pretensions, but in our national capital as well--in what ought to be the high-set citadel of democratic dignity.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

yesterdaynounUS /ˈjestərdeɪ/

the day immediately before today

From this reading “My daughter went to lunch with the daughter of Secretary ---- yesterday.

Chapter 7 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Reign of Gilt contain?

Chapter 7 holds 136 sentences of The Reign of Gilt, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Reign of Gilt?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Reign of Gilt

Common questions about reading The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Reign of Gilt?

Yes. All 2505 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Reign of Gilt is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Reign of Gilt take to read?

About 208 minutes of reading across 501 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Reign of Gilt section by section

How to work through The Reign of Gilt section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of The Reign of Gilt to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Reign of Gilt

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Reign of Gilt, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eminent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Episcopalian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Diocese
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.