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The Reign of Gilt
The Reign of Gilt

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.
And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.
Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.
In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:
First: That the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Reign of Gilt

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.
Line 2
And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.
Line 3
Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.
Line 4
In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:
/ɪn hɪz ˈθɪri ʌv ˈbɪznəs ˈentərpraɪz hiː meɪks ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ˌdeklərˈeɪʃənz ʌv ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈprɪnsəpəl/
Line 5
First: Thatthe machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; thatin the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; thatthe machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cultural adjective US /ˈkʌltʃərəl/

of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors

From this reading “First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.””

debasement noun US /dəˈbeɪsmənt/

being mixed with extraneous material; the product of adulterating

From this reading “THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.”

declarations noun US /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “declaration” — a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading “In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:”

formulate verb US /ˈfɔːrmjəleɪt/

elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses

From this reading “Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.”

materialistic adjective US /məˌtɪriəˈlɪstɪk/

marked by materialism

From this reading “First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.””

skeptical adjective US /ˈskeptəkəl/

denying or questioning the tenets of especially a religion

From this reading “First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.””

unfurled verb US /ənˈfɜːrld/

past form of “unfurl” — unroll, unfold, or spread out or be unrolled, unfolded, or spread out from a furled state

From this reading “THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.”

unpatriotic adjective US /ənˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

showing lack of love for your country

From this reading “First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.””

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Political Economy adjective + noun

the branch of social science that deals with the production and distribution and consumption of goods and services and their management

In this reading “Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.”

scientific principle adjective + noun

In this reading “In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:”

tall chimneys adjective + noun counted as “tall chimney”

In this reading “THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.”

human intercourse adjective + noun

In this reading “First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.””

throughout the world preposition + article + noun counted as “throughout … world”

In this reading “And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.”

of mankind preposition + noun

In this reading “THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.”

business men noun + noun

In this reading “And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.”

struggle for verb + particle

In this reading “And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.”

All words in this reading · 130

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

AssistantnounUS /əˈsɪstənt/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

bannersnounUS /ˈbænərz/

plural of “banner” — long strip of cloth or paper used for decoration or advertising

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

chargedadjectiveUS /tʃɑːrdʒd/

of a particle or body or system; having a net amount of positive or negative electric charge

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

chargesnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrdʒəz/

plural of “charge” — an impetuous rush toward someone or something

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

ChicagonounUS /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

COMPELLER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

controlnounUS /kənˈtroʊl/

power to direct or determine

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

culturaladjectiveUS /ˈkʌltʃərəl/

of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

debasementnounUS /dəˈbeɪsmənt/

being mixed with extraneous material; the product of adulterating

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

declarationsnounUS /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “declaration” — a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

dignifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdɪɡnəfaɪd/

having or expressing dignity; especially formality or stateliness in bearing or appearance

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

dominatedadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːməneɪtəd/

controlled or ruled by superior authority or power

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

EconomynounUS /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/

the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

EnterprisenounUS /ˈentərpraɪz/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

EQUALITYnounUS /ɪˈkwɑːləti/

the quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

EveradverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

extirpationnoun

surgical removal of a body part or tissue

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

foremostadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmoʊst/

ranking above all others

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

formulateverbUS /ˈfɔːrmjəleɪt/

elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

idealsnounUS /aɪˈdiːlz/

plural of “ideal” — the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

industrialadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəl/

of or relating to or resulting from industry

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

industrynounUS /ˈɪndəstri/

the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

latelyadverbUS /ˈleɪtli/

in the recent past

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

latterlyadverb

in the recent past

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

levellernoun

a radical who advocates the abolition of social distinctions

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

loudlyadverbUS /ˈlaʊdli/

with relatively high volume

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

marketsnounUS /ˈmɑːrkəts/

plural of “market” — the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

materialisticadjectiveUS /məˌtɪriəˈlɪstɪk/

marked by materialism

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

matter-of-factadjective

not fanciful or imaginative

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

mercilessadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrsələs/

having or showing no mercy

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

monsternounUS /ˈmɑːnstər/

an imaginary creature usually having various human and animal parts

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

moralitynounUS /mərˈæləti/

concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

PoliticaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

prescriptiveadjective

pertaining to giving directives or rules

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

ProfessornounUS /prəˈfesər/

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

profitsnounUS /ˈprɑːfɪts/

the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

promotingverbUS /prəˈmoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “promote” — contribute to the progress or growth of

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

relentlessadjectiveUS /rɪˈlentlɪs/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

respectableadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektəbəl/

characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

respecternoun

a person who respects someone or something; usually used in the negative

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

restraintsnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnts/

plural of “restraint” — the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

skepticaladjectiveUS /ˈskeptəkəl/

denying or questioning the tenets of especially a religion

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

sootyadjectiveUS /ˈsuːti/

of the blackest black; similar to the color of jet or coal

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

TheorynounUS /ˈθɪri/

a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading In his _Theory of Business Enterprise_ he makes the following declarations of scientific principle:

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

Thorstein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

tramplingnounUS /ˈtræmplɪŋ/

the sound of heavy treading or stomping

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

undevout

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

unfurledverbUS /ənˈfɜːrld/

past form of “unfurl” — unroll, unfold, or spread out or be unrolled, unfolded, or spread out from a furled state

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

unmoral

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

unpatrioticadjectiveUS /ənˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

showing lack of love for your country

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

Veblennoun

United States economist who wrote about conspicuous consumption (1857-1929)

From this reading Now comes Thorstein Veblen, lately Assistant Professor of Political Economy at the University of Chicago, to formulate these charges upon a scientific basis.

vulgarizernoun

someone who makes something vulgar

From this reading First: That “the machine is a leveller, a vulgarizer, whose ends seem to be the extirpation of all that is respectable, noble and dignified in human intercourse and ideals”; that “in the nature of the case the cultural growth dominated by the machine industry is of a skeptical, matter-of-fact complexion, materialistic, unmoral, unpatriotic, undevout”; that “the machine, their (the masses’) master, is no respecter of persons, and knows neither morality nor dignity, nor prescriptive right, divine or human.”

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading THE COMPELLER OF EQUALITY Ever since the first tall chimneys unfurled the sooty banners of the new, the industrial civilization, we have had the cry that the power machine is a monster whose reign means the debasement of the masses of mankind.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading And latterly, throughout the world, but most loudly in America, which has been foremost in promoting the new order, it has been charged that the men in control of the new order, the business men, are merciless and relentless; that in the struggle for markets and for profits they are trampling morality and all the other restraints and ideals.

Chapter 10 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Reign of Gilt contain?

Chapter 10 holds 159 sentences of The Reign of Gilt, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Reign of Gilt?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Reign of Gilt

Common questions about reading The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Reign of Gilt?

Yes. All 2505 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Reign of Gilt is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Reign of Gilt take to read?

About 208 minutes of reading across 501 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Reign of Gilt section by section

How to work through The Reign of Gilt section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of The Reign of Gilt to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Reign of Gilt

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Reign of Gilt, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eminent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Episcopalian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Diocese
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.