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The Reign of Gilt
The Reign of Gilt

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE INEVITABLE IDEAL Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.
And again: My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”
The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.
But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.
No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Reign of Gilt

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Reign of Gilt is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE INEVITABLE IDEALOur ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.
/ðə ˌɪˈnevətəbəl aɪˈdiːl ˈaʊər ˈænsestərz huː ˈmaɪɡreɪtɪd ˈhɪðər wɜːr ˈleɪbərərz roʊt ˈdʒefərsən/
Line 2
And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”
Line 3
The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.
Line 4
But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.
Line 5
No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ideals noun US /aɪˈdiːlz/

plural of “ideal” — the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain

From this reading “The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.”

Jefferson noun US /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading “THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.”

Jefferson's noun US /ˈdʒefərsənz/

possessive form of “jefferson” — 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

laborer noun US /ˈleɪbərər/

someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor

From this reading “The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.”

laborers noun US /ˈleɪbərərz/

plural of “laborer” — someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor

From this reading “THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.”

loftier adjective US /ˈlɔːftiər/

comparative of “lofty” — of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading “But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.”

migrated verb US /ˈmaɪɡreɪtɪd/

past form of “migrate” — move from one country or region to another and settle there

From this reading “THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.”

prizes noun US /ˈpraɪzəz/

plural of “prize” — something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading “The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

good citizen adjective + noun

In this reading “But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

additionaladjectiveUS /əˈdɪʃənəl/

further or added

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

ancestorsnounUS /ˈænsestərz/

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

beliefnounUS /bɪˈliːf/

any cognitive content held as true

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

citizennounUS /ˈsɪtəzən/

a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

conceptionnounUS /kənˈsepʃən/

an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

ensigns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

IDEALadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

idealsnounUS /aɪˈdiːlz/

plural of “ideal” — the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

INEVITABLEadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbəl/

incapable of being avoided or prevented

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

JeffersonnounUS /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

Jefferson'snounUS /ˈdʒefərsənz/

possessive form of “jefferson” — 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

laborernounUS /ˈleɪbərər/

someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

laborersnounUS /ˈleɪbərərz/

plural of “laborer” — someone who works with their hands; someone engaged in manual labor

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

loftieradjectiveUS /ˈlɔːftiər/

comparative of “lofty” — of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

migratedverbUS /ˈmaɪɡreɪtɪd/

past form of “migrate” — move from one country or region to another and settle there

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

millionsnounUS /ˈmɪljənz/

plural of “million” — the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

nail-making

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

nobilitynounUS /noʊˈbɪləti/

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

prizesnounUS /ˈpraɪzəz/

plural of “prize” — something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

sympatheticadjectiveUS /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/

of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

to-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

vanitynounUS /ˈvænəti/

feelings of excessive pride

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And again: “My new trade of nail-making is to me in this country what an additional title of nobility is or the ensigns of a new order are in Europe.”

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading But, where in Jefferson’s day his broad and sympathetic mind was almost alone in the belief in the loftier basis for the ideal, to-day millions of us see that the laborer is the only good citizen, that his estate is the only estate of dignity.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The dignity of labor, the prizes to the laborer--these ideals of a century ago, ideals born no doubt of a vanity which sought to make a virtue of necessity, are still our ideals.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading No people ever had such a conception of work as we have to-day.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading THE INEVITABLE IDEAL “Our ancestors who migrated hither were laborers,” wrote Jefferson.

Chapter 14 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of The Reign of Gilt contain?

Chapter 14 holds 106 sentences of The Reign of Gilt, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of The Reign of Gilt?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Reign of Gilt

Common questions about reading The Reign of Gilt by David Graham Phillips on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Reign of Gilt?

Yes. All 2505 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64402 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Reign of Gilt is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64402, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Reign of Gilt take to read?

About 208 minutes of reading across 501 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Reign of Gilt section by section

How to work through The Reign of Gilt section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of The Reign of Gilt to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Reign of Gilt

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Reign of Gilt, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eminent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Episcopalian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Diocese
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Gilt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.