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The Reign of Greed
The Reign of Greed

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Reign of Greed is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.
He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.
Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.
It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.
A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Reign of Greed

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Reign of Greed is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.
Line 2
He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.
Line 3
Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.
Line 4
It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.
/ɪt wɑːz ðə ˈfɪɡjər ʌv æn oʊld mæn wɪð æn ɪkˈsepʃənəli lɔːŋ bɪrd ˈsiːtɪd æt ðə edʒ ʌv ə ɡreɪv ˈʌndər ə triː fɪld wɪð ɔːl kaɪndz ʌv stʌft bɜːrdz/
Line 5
A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abused adjective US /əˈbjuːzd/

used improperly or excessively especially drugs

From this reading “Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.”

commandant noun US /ˌkɑːmənˈdɑːnt/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading “He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.”

exceptionally adverb US /ɪkˈsepʃənəli/

to an exceptional degree

From this reading “It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.”

jogged verb US /dʒɑːɡd/

inflected form of “jog” — continue talking or writing in a desultory manner

From this reading “He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.”

mortar noun US /ˈmɔːrtər/

a muzzle-loading high-angle gun with a short barrel that fires shells at high elevations for a short range

From this reading “A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.”

recited verb US /rəˈsaɪtɪd/

past form of “recite” — recite in elocution

From this reading “Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.”

reverently adverb US /ˈrevərəntli/

with reverence; in a reverent manner

From this reading “Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.”

utensils noun US /juːˈtensəlz/

plural of “utensil” — an implement for practical use (especially in a household)

From this reading “A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

abusedadjectiveUS /əˈbjuːzd/

used improperly or excessively especially drugs

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

Basilio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

beardnounUS /bɪrd/

the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

blowsnounUS /bloʊz/

plural of “blow” — a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

bordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

buyo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

carromata

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

cedula

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

CHRISTMASnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

CiviladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

claynounUS /kleɪ/

a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

cochero

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

COCHERO'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

commandantnounUS /ˌkɑːmənˈdɑːnt/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

cookingnounUS /ˈkʊkɪŋ/

the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

delayedadjectiveUS /dɪˈleɪd/

not as far along as normal in development

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

detainedverbUS /dɪˈteɪnd/

past form of “detain” — deprive of freedom; take into confinement

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

Diego

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

EVEnounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

exceptionallyadverbUS /ɪkˈsepʃənəli/

to an exceptional degree

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

GuardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

imagenounUS /ˈɪmədʒ/

an iconic mental representation

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

indicateverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪt/

be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

jarverbUS /dʒɑːr/

be incompatible; be or come into conflict

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

joggedverbUS /dʒɑːɡd/

inflected form of “jog” — continue talking or writing in a desultory manner

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

kalan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

kalikut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

mashing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

mortarnounUS /ˈmɔːrtər/

a muzzle-loading high-angle gun with a short barrel that fires shells at high elevations for a short range

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

paternosternoun

(Roman Catholic Church) the Lord's Prayer in Latin; translates as “our father”

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

processionnounUS /prəˈseʃən/

(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

recitedverbUS /rəˈsaɪtɪd/

past form of “recite” — recite in elocution

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

reverentlyadverbUS /ˈrevərəntli/

with reverence; in a reverent manner

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

rifle-butt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

saintnounUS /seɪnt/

a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

stuffedadjectiveUS /stʌft/

filled with something

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

tombnounUS /tuːm/

a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He had been delayed on the road for several hours because the cochero, having forgotten his cedula, was held up by the Civil Guard, had his memory jogged by a few blows from a rifle-butt, and afterwards was taken before the commandant.

utensilsnounUS /juːˈtensəlz/

plural of “utensil” — an implement for practical use (especially in a household)

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A COCHERO’S CHRISTMAS EVE Basilio reached San Diego just as the Christmas Eve procession was passing through the streets.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A kalan with a clay jar, a mortar, and a kalikut for mashing buyo were his only utensils, as if to indicate that he lived on the border of the tomb and was doing his cooking there.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Now the carromata was again detained to let the procession pass, while the abused cochero took off his hat reverently and recited a paternoster to the first image that came along, which seemed to be that of a great saint.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was the figure of an old man with an exceptionally long beard, seated at the edge of a grave under a tree filled with all kinds of stuffed birds.

Chapter 4 of The Reign of Greed by José Rizal holds 90 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Reign of Greed contain?

Chapter 4 holds 90 sentences of The Reign of Greed, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Reign of Greed by José Rizal exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 90 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Reign of Greed?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Reign of Greed

Common questions about reading The Reign of Greed by José Rizal on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Reign of Greed?

Yes. All 5129 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #10676 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Reign of Greed is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #10676, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Reign of Greed take to read?

About 427 minutes of reading across 1026 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Reign of Greed section by section

How to work through The Reign of Greed section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Reign of Greed to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Reign of Greed

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Reign of Greed, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Below
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Greed; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Greed; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scenes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Greed; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Reign of Greed; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.