Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.
The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. is here in full — 310 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.
Context Illustration Reading 1/62 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.
So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.
His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.
As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.
It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. is here in full — 310 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/62 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.
Line 2
So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.
Line 3
His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.
Line 4
As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.
/æz ɔːlˈredi ˈsteɪtɪd ɪt rɪˈzʌltɪd ɪn ðə ˈklæsɪkəl ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən ɑːn ðə lɔːz ˈreɡjəleɪtɪŋ ˌfoʊtoʊˈkeməkəl ˈækʃən/
Line 5
It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chlorine noun US /ˈklɔːrin/

a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)

From this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

consciously adverb US /ˈkɑːnʃəsli/

with awareness

From this reading “So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.”

effecting verb US /ɪˈfektɪŋ/

-ing form of “effect” — produce

From this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

hydrogen noun US /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

investigator noun US /ˌɪnˈvestəɡeɪtər/

a scientist who devotes himself to doing research

From this reading “ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.”

photochemical adjective US /ˌfoʊtoʊˈkeməkəl/

of or relating to or produced by the effects of light on chemical systems

From this reading “As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.”

regulating noun US /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪŋ/

the act of controlling or directing according to rule

From this reading “As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.”

soluble adjective US /ˈsɑːljəbəl/

(of a substance) capable of being dissolved in some solvent (usually water)

From this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

conceived the idea verb + article + noun counted as “conceive … idea”

In this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

already stated adverb + adjective

In this reading “As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.”

converted into verb + particle counted as “convert into”

In this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

already known adverb + adjective

In this reading “It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.”

suggested by verb + particle counted as “suggest by”

In this reading “His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

acidadjectiveUS /ˈæsəd/

harsh or corrosive in tone

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

appealedverbUS /əˈpiːld/

past form of “appeal” — take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

appreciatedadjectiveUS /əˈpriːʃieɪtɪd/

fully understood or grasped

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

attackingadjectiveUS /əˈtækɪŋ/

disposed to attack

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

Bunsennoun

German chemist who with Kirchhoff pioneered spectrum analysis but is remembered mainly for his invention of the Bunsen burner (1811-1899)

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

Bunsen's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

chemicaladjectiveUS /ˈkeməkəl/

relating to or used in chemistry

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

chlorinenounUS /ˈklɔːrin/

a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

classicaladjectiveUS /ˈklæsɪkəl/

of or relating to the first significant period of a civilization, culture, area of study, etc.

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

completelyadverbUS /kəmˈpliːtli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

conceivedverbUS /kənˈsiːvd/

past form of “conceive” — have the idea for

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

concernedadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrnd/

feeling or showing worry or solicitude

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

consciouslyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnʃəsli/

with awareness

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

contemplateverbUS /ˈkɑːntəmpleɪt/

look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

convertedverbUS /kənˈvɜːrtɪd/

past form of “convert” — change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

effectingverbUS /ɪˈfektɪŋ/

-ing form of “effect” — produce

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

exposurenounUS /ɪkˈspoʊʒər/

vulnerability to the elements; to the action of heat or cold or wind or rain

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

Heidelberg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

hydrochloric

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

hydrogennounUS /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

investigationnounUS /ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən/

an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

INVESTIGATORnounUS /ˌɪnˈvestəɡeɪtər/

a scientist who devotes himself to doing research

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

light-vibrations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

mainlyadverbUS /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

measuringnounUS /ˈmeʒərɪŋ/

the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

mixturenounUS /ˈmɪkstʃər/

(chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

moulded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

photochemicaladjectiveUS /ˌfoʊtoʊˈkeməkəl/

of or relating to or produced by the effects of light on chemical systems

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

problemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

reactionnounUS /riˈækʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

readilyadverbUS /ˈredəli/

without much difficulty

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

regulatingnounUS /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪŋ/

the act of controlling or directing according to rule

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

relativenounUS /ˈrelətɪv/

a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

researchnounUS /riˈsɜːrtʃ/

systematic investigation to establish facts

From this reading His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.

resultedverbUS /rɪˈzʌltɪd/

past form of “result” — issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

ROSCOE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

Roscoe's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

scientificadjectiveUS /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/

of or relating to the practice of science

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

solubleadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːljəbəl/

(of a substance) capable of being dissolved in some solvent (usually water)

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

statedadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtɪd/

declared as fact; explicitly stated

From this reading As already stated, it resulted in the classical investigation on the laws regulating photochemical action.

suggestedverbUS /səˈdʒestɪd/

past form of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

tracedverbUS /treɪst/

past form of “trace” — follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

trainingnounUS /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/

activity leading to skilled behavior

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

unconsciouslyadverbUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəsli/

without awareness

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading His first research was undoubtedly suggested by Bunsen.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was already known that a mixture of equal volumes of hydrogen and chlorine on exposure to light lost its characteristic colour, and was converted into hydrochloric acid, readily soluble in water; and Bunsen conceived the idea of making this reaction the basis of a method of measuring the relative amount and activity of those light-vibrations which are mainly concerned in effecting chemical change.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading ROSCOE AS AN INVESTIGATOR The character of Roscoe’s scientific work may also be said to have been entirely moulded by his Heidelberg training, and Bunsen’s influence may be traced through it to the last.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading So completely was this the case that consciously or unconsciously he seemed never to contemplate attacking any problem that would not have appealed to, or have been appreciated by, Bunsen.

Chapter 7 of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. by T. E. (Thomas Edward) Thorpe holds 310 sentences, grouped into 62 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. contain?

Chapter 7 holds 310 sentences of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S., unabridged, divided into 62 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. by T. E. (Thomas Edward) Thorpe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 310 sentences, grouped into 62 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.?

Work through the 62 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 62 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.

Common questions about reading The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. by T. E. (Thomas Edward) Thorpe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.?

Yes. All 2262 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56569 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56569, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. take to read?

About 188 minutes of reading across 453 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. section by section

How to work through The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Right
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Honourable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enfield
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe P.C., D.C.L., F.R.S.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.