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The Rival Crusoes
The Rival Crusoes

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Rival Crusoes is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.
A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.
The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.
One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.
Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Rival Crusoes

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Rival Crusoes is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.
Line 2
A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.
Line 3
The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.
/ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈlændlɔːrd hæd bɪn ə ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃən huː hæd bɪn ɪˈnoʊbəld ənd huː wɑːz naʊ ə ˌmɑːrˈkiː/
Line 4
One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.
Line 5
Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barns noun US /bɑːrnz/

plural of “barn” — an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading “A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.”

Dick's noun US /dɪks/

possessive form of “dick” — someone who is a detective

From this reading “Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.”

ennobled verb US /ɪˈnoʊbəld/

past form of “ennoble” — confer dignity or honor upon

From this reading “The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.”

Hampshire noun US /ˈhæmpʃər/

a county of southern England on the English Channel

From this reading “The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.”

Kingston noun US /ˈkɪŋstən/

a town on the Hudson River in New York

From this reading “The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.”

smugglers noun US /ˈsmʌɡlərz/

plural of “smuggler” — someone who imports or exports without paying duties

From this reading “A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.”

smuggling noun US /ˈsmʌɡlɪŋ/

secretly importing prohibited goods or goods on which duty is due

From this reading “A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.”

storage noun US /ˈstɔːrədʒ/

the act of storing something

From this reading “A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

areanounUS /ˈeriə/

a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

barnsnounUS /bɑːrnz/

plural of “barn” — an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

blindnounUS /blaɪnd/

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

courtesy-title

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

Crusoes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

DicknounUS /dɪk/

someone who is a detective

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

Dick'snounUS /dɪks/

possessive form of “dick” — someone who is a detective

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

ennobledverbUS /ɪˈnoʊbəld/

past form of “ennoble” — confer dignity or honor upon

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

farmernounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

findsnounUS /faɪndz/

plural of “find” — a productive insight

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

GnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

HampshirenounUS /ˈhæmpʃər/

a county of southern England on the English Channel

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

Hargrave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

Hargraves

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

Keyhaven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

KingstonnounUS /ˈkɪŋstən/

a town on the Hudson River in New York

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

landlordnounUS /ˈlændlɔːrd/

a landowner who leases to others

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

marquisnounUS /ˌmɑːrˈkiː/

humorist who wrote about the imaginary life of cockroaches (1878-1937)

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

NavynounUS /ˈneɪvi/

an organization of military vessels belonging to a country and available for sea warfare

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

OurdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

politiciannounUS /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃən/

a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

press-ganged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

Reginald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

RivalverbUS /ˈraɪvəl/

be equal to in quality or ability

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

sixteen-year-old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

smugglersnounUS /ˈsmʌɡlərz/

plural of “smuggler” — someone who imports or exports without paying duties

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

smugglingnounUS /ˈsmʌɡlɪŋ/

secretly importing prohibited goods or goods on which duty is due

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

storagenounUS /ˈstɔːrədʒ/

the act of storing something

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

temporaryadjectiveUS /ˈtempəreri/

not permanent; not lasting

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Dick is press-ganged into the navy, and finds himself in the same ship as Lord Reginald, who does all he can to make Dick's life a misery.

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

WnounUS /ˈdʌbəljuː/

a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite

From this reading The Rival Crusoes, by W.H.G. Kingston ________________________________________________________________________ Our hero is the sixteen-year-old Dick Hargrave, son of a farmer near Keyhaven on the Hampshire coast.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A good deal of smuggling went on in that area, but the Hargraves, although turning a blind eye if their barns were used by the smugglers for temporary storage, were not involved.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The local landlord had been a politician who had been ennobled and who was now a marquis.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading One of his sons, Lord Reginald (for Lord is the courtesy-title of younger sons of a marquis) was in the Navy.

Chapter 1 of The Rival Crusoes by William Henry Giles Kingston holds 418 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Rival Crusoes contain?

Chapter 1 holds 418 sentences of The Rival Crusoes, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Rival Crusoes by William Henry Giles Kingston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 418 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Rival Crusoes?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Rival Crusoes

Common questions about reading The Rival Crusoes by William Henry Giles Kingston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Rival Crusoes?

Yes. All 5080 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23071 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Rival Crusoes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23071, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Rival Crusoes take to read?

About 423 minutes of reading across 1016 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Rival Crusoes section by section

How to work through The Rival Crusoes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of The Rival Crusoes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Rival Crusoes

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Rival Crusoes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Rival
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crusoes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kingston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sixteen-year-old
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.