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The Rival Heirs
The Rival Heirs

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of The Rival Heirs is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Rival Heirs
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.
Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.
These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.
They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.
First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Rival Heirs

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of The Rival Heirs is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.
/ɪn ðə deɪz ʌv ˈʃɪvəlri ðə fɜːrst step təˈwɔːrdz ðə dɪˈɡriː ʌv ˈnaɪthʊd wɑːz ðæt ʌv peɪdʒ/
Line 2
Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.
/bɔɪz ʌv ˈnoʊbəl bɜːrθ əˈbaʊt ðer twelfθ jɪr wɜːr ˈdʒenərəli trænˈsfɜːrd frʌm ðə hoʊm ʌv ðer ˈtʃaɪldhʊd tuː ðə ˈkæsəl ʌv sʌm ˈɡælənt ˈbærən tuː lɜːrn ðə ˈkʌstəmz ʌv wɔːr ənd piːs æt hɪz hænd ənd tuː əˈkwaɪər ˈhæbəts ʌv ɡʊd ˈɔːrdər ənd ˈdɪsəplən/
Line 3
These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.
/ðiːz lædz ferd ˈhɑːrdər baɪ fɑːr ðæn ˈmɑːdərn bɔɪz duː æt ˈaʊər ɡreɪt skuːlz ðeɪ slept ɑːn ˈhɑːrdər ˈkaʊtʃɪz roʊz ˈɜːrliər ənd hæd les ˈdeɪnti fuːd/
Line 4
They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.
/ðeɪ wɜːr fɔːrst tuː peɪ ˌɪmˈplɪsət oʊˈbiːdiəns tuː ðer suːˈpɪriərz ˈmɑːdəsti ɪn dɪˈmiːnər æz bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ðer eɪdʒ wɑːz ˈstrɪktli riˈkwaɪərd bɪˈfɔːr ðer ˈeldərz ənd ðeɪ hæd tuː pərˈfɔːrm ˈmeni ˈɔːfəsəz wɪtʃ wʊd naʊ biː diːmd ˈmiːniəl/
Line 5
First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

couches noun US /ˈkaʊtʃɪz/

plural of “couch” — an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading “These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.”

demeanour noun US /dɪˈmiːnər/

(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people

From this reading “They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.”

dexterity noun US /dekˈsterəti/

adroitness in using the hands

From this reading “First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.”

implicit adjective US /ˌɪmˈplɪsət/

implied though not directly expressed; inherent in the nature of something

From this reading “They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.”

knighthood noun US /ˈnaɪthʊd/

aristocrats holding the rank of knight

From this reading “In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.”

menial adjective US /ˈmiːniəl/

used of unskilled work (especially domestic work)

From this reading “They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.”

superiors noun US /suːˈpɪriərz/

plural of “superior” — one of greater rank or station or quality

From this reading “They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.”

twelfth adjective US /twelfθ/

coming next after the eleventh and just before the thirteenth in position

From this reading “Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

acquireverbUS /əˈkwaɪər/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

baronnounUS /ˈbærən/

a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

BoysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

chivalrynounUS /ˈʃɪvəlri/

courtesy towards women

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

couchesnounUS /ˈkaʊtʃɪz/

plural of “couch” — an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

daintyadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪnti/

delicately beautiful

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

demeanournounUS /dɪˈmiːnər/

(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

dexteritynounUS /dekˈsterəti/

adroitness in using the hands

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

eldersnounUS /ˈeldərz/

plural of “elder” — a person who is older than you are

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

faredverbUS /ferd/

past form of “fare” — proceed or get along

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

harderadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdər/

comparative of “hard” — with effort or force or vigor

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

implicitadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈplɪsət/

implied though not directly expressed; inherent in the nature of something

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

knighthoodnounUS /ˈnaɪthʊd/

aristocrats holding the rank of knight

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

ladsnounUS /lædz/

plural of “lad” — a boy or man

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

lancenounUS /læns/

a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

manageverbUS /ˈmænədʒ/

be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

menialadjectiveUS /ˈmiːniəl/

used of unskilled work (especially domestic work)

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

modestynounUS /ˈmɑːdəsti/

freedom from vanity or conceit

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

obediencenounUS /oʊˈbiːdiəns/

the act of obeying; dutiful or submissive behavior with respect to another person

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

officesnounUS /ˈɔːfəsəz/

plural of “office” — place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

pagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

performverbUS /pərˈfɔːrm/

carry out or perform an action

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

strictlyadverbUS /ˈstrɪktli/

restricted to something

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

superiorsnounUS /suːˈpɪriərz/

plural of “superior” — one of greater rank or station or quality

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These lads fared harder by far than modern boys do at our great schools; they slept on harder couches, rose earlier, and had less dainty food.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

transferredverbUS /trænˈsfɜːrd/

inflected form of “transfer” — transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

twelfthadjectiveUS /twelfθ/

coming next after the eleventh and just before the thirteenth in position

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the days of chivalry the first step towards the degree of knighthood was that of page.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading First they learned how to manage their horses with ease and dexterity; next how to use the sword, the bow, and the lance.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They were forced to pay implicit obedience to their superiors; modesty in demeanour, as becoming their age, was strictly required before their elders; and they had to perform many offices which would now be deemed menial.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Boys of noble birth, about their twelfth year, were generally transferred from the home of their childhood to the castle of some gallant baron to learn the customs of war and peace at his hand, and to acquire habits of good order and discipline.

Chapter 5 of The Rival Heirs by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of The Rival Heirs contain?

Chapter 5 holds 116 sentences of The Rival Heirs, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of The Rival Heirs by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of The Rival Heirs?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Rival Heirs

Common questions about reading The Rival Heirs by A. D. (Augustine David) Crake on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Rival Heirs?

Yes. All 3341 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13375 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Rival Heirs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13375, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Rival Heirs take to read?

About 278 minutes of reading across 669 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Rival Heirs section by section

How to work through The Rival Heirs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Rival Heirs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Rival Heirs

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Rival Heirs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Heirs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Heirs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Heirs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Presented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rival Heirs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.