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The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known
The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.
The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.
My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.
The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.
The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.
Line 2
The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.
/ðə ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt ɪn ˈbɪznəs ðə ˈpriːviəs jɪr hæd bɪn səˈfɪʃənt tuː eˈneɪbəl miː tuː peɪ maɪ ˌɪnˈdetɪdnɪs tuː ˈælɪs miːt ɔːl maɪ ˈkɜːrənt ɪkˈspensəz ənd ˈentər ðə nuː jɪr wɪð ə ɡʊd ˈbæləns ɪn bæŋk/
Line 3
My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.
/maɪ helθ hæd bɪˈkʌm ɪnˈtaɪərli rɪˈstɔːrd ənd wɪð maɪnd friː frʌm ˈwɜːri laɪf wɑːz ˌɪnˈdiːd wel wɜːrθ ðə ˈlɪvɪŋ/
Line 4
The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.
/ðə hoʊm laɪf ˈhæpi ˈʌndər ædˈvɜːrs ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz wɑːz ʌv kɔːrs meɪd mɔːr ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl baɪ maɪ ˌɪmˈpruːvd fəˈnænʃəl kənˈdɪʃən/
Line 5
The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adverse adjective US /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading “The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.”

Allis noun US /ˈælɪs/

European shad

From this reading “The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.”

broadened verb US /ˈbrɔːdənd/

past form of “broaden” — make broader

From this reading “The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.”

enjoyable adjective US /ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading “The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.”

financial adjective US /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading “The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.”

indebtedness noun US /ˌɪnˈdetɪdnɪs/

an obligation to pay money to another party

From this reading “The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.”

memorable adjective US /ˈmemərəbəl/

worth remembering

From this reading “A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.”

widening noun US /ˈwaɪdənɪŋ/

an increase in width

From this reading “The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1877

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

1878

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

adverseadjectiveUS /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

AllisnounUS /ˈælɪs/

European shad

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/

bring into balance or equilibrium

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

broadenedverbUS /ˈbrɔːdənd/

past form of “broaden” — make broader

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

enableverbUS /eˈneɪbəl/

render capable or able for some task

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

enjoyableadjectiveUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪəbəl/

affording satisfaction or pleasure

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

expensesnounUS /ɪkˈspensəz/

plural of “expense” — amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

financialadjectiveUS /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

indebtednessnounUS /ˌɪnˈdetɪdnɪs/

an obligation to pay money to another party

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

memorableadjectiveUS /ˈmemərəbəl/

worth remembering

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

rivuletnoun

a small stream

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

SUNSHINEnounUS /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/

the rays of the sun

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The home life, happy under adverse circumstances, was of course made more enjoyable by my improved financial condition.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

wideningnounUS /ˈwaɪdənɪŋ/

an increase in width

From this reading The little rivulet of prosperity of 1877 broadened in 1878 to a stream, small at first, but ever widening and leading on to the sea.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The improvement in business the previous year had been sufficient to enable me to pay my indebtedness to Allis, meet all my current expenses, and enter the new year with a good balance in bank.

worryverbUS /ˈwɜːri/

be worried, concerned, anxious, troubled, or uneasy

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading My health had become entirely restored, and with mind free from worry life was indeed well worth the living.

YEARnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading A YEAR OF SUNSHINE The year 1878 was to me a memorable one.

Chapter 8 of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known by William Ingraham Russell holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known contain?

Chapter 8 holds 43 sentences of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known by William Ingraham Russell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brooklyn
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mother's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dutch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Romance and Tragedy of a Widely Known; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.