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The Roof Tree
The Roof Tree

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Roof Tree is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Roof Tree
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.
There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.
Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.
Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.
Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Roof Tree

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Roof Tree is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.
/ˈstreɪndʒli ɪˈnʌf ɪt wɑːz æz ðoʊ ðə oʊld mænz kəˈpæsəti fɔːr ˈbiːɪŋ ʃɑːkt ɔːr ˌɪnˈfjʊrieɪtɪd hæd bɪn ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
Line 2
There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.
Line 3
Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.
Line 4
Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.
Line 5
Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.
/ˈsʌmhaʊ ðɪs ˈhɪdiəs rəˈsaɪtəl wɪtʃ hæd meɪd hɪm æn oʊld mæn ɪn ðə speɪs ʌv ə fjuː ˈmɪnəts ˈblæstɪŋ hɪm laɪk ə ˈθʌndər boʊlt kʊd nɑːt biː ˈsɪriəsli ˈdaʊtɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blasting adjective US /ˈblæstɪŋ/

causing injury or blight; especially affecting with sudden violence or plague or ruin

From this reading “Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.”

bolt noun US /boʊlt/

a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading “Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.”

denial noun US /dɪˈnaɪəl/

the act of refusing to comply (as with a request)

From this reading “There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.”

denunciation noun US /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

a public act of denouncing

From this reading “There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.”

Hump verb US /hʌmp/

round one's back by bending forward and drawing the shoulders forward

From this reading “Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.”

infuriated adjective US /ˌɪnˈfjʊrieɪtɪd/

marked by extreme anger

From this reading “Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.”

recital noun US /rəˈsaɪtəl/

the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading “Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.”

stricken adjective US /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading “Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

blastingadjectiveUS /ˈblæstɪŋ/

causing injury or blight; especially affecting with sudden violence or plague or ruin

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

boltnounUS /boʊlt/

a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

capacitynounUS /kəˈpæsəti/

capability to perform or produce

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

denialnounUS /dɪˈnaɪəl/

the act of refusing to comply (as with a request)

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

denunciationnounUS /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

a public act of denouncing

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

Doane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

doubtedverbUS /ˈdaʊtɪd/

past form of “doubt” — consider unlikely or have doubts about

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

foreheadnounUS /ˈfɔːrhed/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

hideousadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdiəs/

grossly offensive to decency or morality; causing horror

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

HumpverbUS /hʌmp/

round one's back by bending forward and drawing the shoulders forward

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

infuriatedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfjʊrieɪtɪd/

marked by extreme anger

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

maddenedadjective

marked by extreme anger

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

NeveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

palmnounUS /pɑːm/

the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Hump Doane only passed an open palm across his forehead.

recitalnounUS /rəˈsaɪtəl/

the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

roarverbUS /rɔːr/

make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

shockedadjectiveUS /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

Sim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

SomehowadverbUS /ˈsʌmhaʊ/

in some unspecified way or manner; or by some unspecified means

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

StrangelyadverbUS /ˈstreɪndʒli/

in a strange manner

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

strickenadjectiveUS /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Never had Sim seen on a human face such a despair of stricken grief.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

thunderverbUS /ˈθʌndər/

move fast, noisily, and heavily

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Strangely enough it was as though the old man's capacity for being shocked or infuriated had been exhausted.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Somehow this hideous recital, which had made him an old man in the space of a few minutes, blasting him like a thunder bolt, could not be seriously doubted.

wrathnounUS /ræθ/

intense anger (usually on an epic scale)

From this reading There was no roar of maddened wrath or denunciation of denial now.

Chapter 31 of The Roof Tree by Charles Neville Buck holds 155 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Roof Tree contain?

Chapter 31 holds 155 sentences of The Roof Tree, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Roof Tree by Charles Neville Buck exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 155 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Roof Tree?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Roof Tree

Common questions about reading The Roof Tree by Charles Neville Buck on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Roof Tree?

Yes. All 4367 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #28683 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Roof Tree is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #28683, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Roof Tree take to read?

About 363 minutes of reading across 874 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Roof Tree section by section

How to work through The Roof Tree section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Roof Tree to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Roof Tree

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Roof Tree, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Between
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Roof Tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smoke-darkened
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Roof Tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Walls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Roof Tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mountain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Roof Tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.