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The Root of Evil
The Root of Evil

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Root of Evil is here in full — 125 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.
For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.
Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.
Bivens's illness shook the financial world.
The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Root of Evil

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of The Root of Evil is here in full — 125 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.
Line 2
For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.
/fɔːr ə wiːk hiː bɑːt ˈevəri ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ənd ˈiːvnɪŋ əˈdɪʃən ənd red ðem ˈiːɡərli/
Line 3
Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.
/nɑːt ə laɪn əˈpɪrd tuː ˈdɑːrkən ðə laɪf ʌv hɪz ˈlɪtəl pæl/
Line 4
Bivens's illness shook the financial world.
Line 5
The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.
/ðə men huː hæd prəˈfest hɪz ˈfrendʃɪp moʊst ˈlaʊdli tuː hɪz feɪs naʊ ˈʃɑːrpənd ðer naɪvz fɔːr hɪz ˈwuːndɪd ˈbɑːdi/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

darken verb US /ˈdɑːrkən/

become dark or darker

From this reading “Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.”

edition noun US /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading “For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.”

financial adjective US /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading “Bivens's illness shook the financial world.”

knives noun US /naɪvz/

plural of “knife” — edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle

From this reading “The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.”

pal noun US /pæl/

a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading “Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.”

professed adjective US /prəˈfest/

professing to be qualified

From this reading “The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.”

sharpened adjective US /ˈʃɑːrpənd/

having the point made sharp

From this reading “The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.”

Stuart's noun US /ˈstuːərts/

possessive form of “stuart” — United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading “THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

appealverbUS /əˈpiːl/

take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

behalfnounUS /bɪˈhæf/

as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as “on behalf of” rather than “in behalf of”)

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

Bivens's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bivens's illness shook the financial world.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

boughtverbUS /bɑːt/

inflected form of “buy” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

darkenverbUS /ˈdɑːrkən/

become dark or darker

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

DEVILnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

eagerlyadverbUS /ˈiːɡərli/

with eagerness; in an eager manner

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

financialadjectiveUS /fəˈnænʃəl/

involving financial matters

From this reading Bivens's illness shook the financial world.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

Harriet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

illnessnounUS /ˈɪlnəs/

impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism

From this reading Bivens's illness shook the financial world.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

knivesnounUS /naɪvz/

plural of “knife” — edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

loudlyadverbUS /ˈlaʊdli/

with relatively high volume

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

palnounUS /pæl/

a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading Not a line appeared to darken the life of his little pal.

papersnounUS /ˈpeɪpərz/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

professedadjectiveUS /prəˈfest/

professing to be qualified

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

sharpenedadjectiveUS /ˈʃɑːrpənd/

having the point made sharp

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

shooknounUS /ʃʊk/

a disassembled barrel; the parts packed for storage or shipment

From this reading Bivens's illness shook the financial world.

SMILESnounUS /smaɪlz/

plural of “smile” — a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

Stuart'snounUS /ˈstuːərts/

possessive form of “stuart” — United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading For a week he bought every morning and evening edition and read them eagerly.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Bivens's illness shook the financial world.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading The men who had professed his friendship most loudly to his face now sharpened their knives for his wounded body.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading THE DEVIL SMILES Stuart's appeal to the New York papers in behalf of Harriet was successful.

Chapter 31 of The Root of Evil by Thomas, Jr. Dixon holds 125 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Root of Evil contain?

Chapter 31 holds 125 sentences of The Root of Evil, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Root of Evil by Thomas, Jr. Dixon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 125 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Root of Evil?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Root of Evil

Common questions about reading The Root of Evil by Thomas, Jr. Dixon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Root of Evil?

Yes. All 8153 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24093 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Root of Evil is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24093, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Root of Evil take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1631 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Root of Evil section by section

How to work through The Root of Evil section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Root of Evil to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Root of Evil

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Root of Evil, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Boarder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Root of Evil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Root of Evil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
James
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Root of Evil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stuart
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Root of Evil; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.