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The Rotifers
The Rotifers

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Rotifers is here in full — 336 sentences across 68 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Rotifers
Context Illustration Reading 1/67 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.
Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.
Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.
When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.
He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Rotifers

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Rotifers is here in full — 336 sentences across 68 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/67 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.
Line 2
Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.
Line 3
Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.
/ðen hiː pɪkt ʌp ðə oʊld ˈsɪzərz hiː hæd leɪd ɑːn ðə bæŋk ənd klɪpt ðə stemz ʌv ðə ˈfloʊtɪŋ plænts ˈɡetɪŋ æz mʌtʃ ʌv ðem æz hiː kʊd ɪn ðə kənˈteɪnər/
Line 4
When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.
Line 5
He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assiduously adverb US /əˈsɪdwəsli/

with care and persistence

From this reading “He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.”

clipped adjective US /klɪpt/

cut or trimmed by clipping

From this reading “Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.”

container noun US /kənˈteɪnər/

any object that can be used to hold things (especially a large metal boxlike object of standardized dimensions that can be loaded from one form of transport to another)

From this reading “Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.”

plankton noun US /ˈplæŋktən/

the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water

From this reading “When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.”

righted verb US /ˈraɪtɪd/

past form of “right” — make reparations or amends for

From this reading “When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.”

stagnant adjective US /ˈstæɡnənt/

not circulating or flowing

From this reading “_Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.”

streamers noun US /ˈstriːmərz/

plural of “streamer” — light that streams

From this reading “Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.”

submerged adjective US /səbˈmɜːrdʒd/

beneath the surface of the water

From this reading “Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

stagnant water adjective + noun

In this reading “_Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.”

picked up verb + adjective counted as “pick up”

take and lift upward

In this reading “Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.”

cope with verb + particle

In this reading “He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.”

few nights adjective + noun

In this reading “He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.”

drift into verb + particle

In this reading “Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.”

water lilies noun + noun counted as “water lily”

an aquatic plant of the family Nymphaeaceae

In this reading “_Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.”

in order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.”

on the bank preposition + article + noun counted as “on … bank”

In this reading “Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

assiduouslyadverbUS /əˈsɪdwəsli/

with care and persistence

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

BeneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

bowlnounUS /boʊl/

a round vessel that is open at the top; used chiefly for holding food or liquids

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

brinknounUS /brɪŋk/

a region marking a boundary

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

CarefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

Chatham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

clippedadjectiveUS /klɪpt/

cut or trimmed by clipping

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

containedadjectiveUS /kənˈteɪnd/

gotten under control

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

containernounUS /kənˈteɪnər/

any object that can be used to hold things (especially a large metal boxlike object of standardized dimensions that can be loaded from one form of transport to another)

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

copeverbUS /koʊp/

succeed in doing, achieving, or producing (something) with the limited or inadequate means available

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

cross-sectionadjective

representing a plane made by cutting across something at right angles to its length

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

cupped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

dippedadjectiveUS /dɪpt/

having abnormal sagging of the spine (especially in horses)

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

driftverbUS /drɪft/

be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

fascinatingadjectiveUS /ˈfæsəneɪtɪŋ/

capable of arousing and holding the attention

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

fishnounUS /fɪʃ/

any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

floatingadjectiveUS /ˈfloʊtɪŋ/

borne up by or suspended in a liquid

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

fresh-water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

gentlyadverbUS /ˈdʒentli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

green-scummed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

HarryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

Harry's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

hopefullyadverbUS /ˈhoʊpfəli/

with hope; in a hopeful manner

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

inevitableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbəl/

incapable of being avoided or prevented

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

intrusionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtruːʒən/

any entry into an area not previously occupied

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

kneltverbUS /nelt/

inflected form of “kneel” — rest one's weight on one's knees

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

liliesnounUS /ˈlɪliz/

plural of “lily” — any liliaceous plant of the genus Lilium having showy pendulous flowers

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

movingadjectiveUS /ˈmuːvɪŋ/

in motion

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

nervousadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrvəs/

easily agitated

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

nightsnounUS /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

pickedverbUS /pɪkt/

past form of “pick” — select carefully from a group

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

planktonnounUS /ˈplæŋktən/

the aggregate of small plant and animal organisms that float or drift in great numbers in fresh or salt water

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

plantsnounUS /plænts/

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

pondnounUS /pɑːnd/

a small lake

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

rememberingnounUS /rɪˈmembərɪŋ/

the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

resentedverbUS /riˈzentɪd/

past form of “resent” — feel bitter or indignant about

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

rightedverbUS /ˈraɪtɪd/

past form of “right” — make reparations or amends for

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

rotifers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

scissorsnounUS /ˈsɪzərz/

an edge tool having two crossed pivoting blades

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

shadowedadjectiveUS /ˈʃædoʊd/

filled with shade

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

stagnantadjectiveUS /ˈstæɡnənt/

not circulating or flowing

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

stemsnounUS /stemz/

plural of “stem” — (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

stifflyadverbUS /ˈstɪfli/

in a stiff manner

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

streamersnounUS /ˈstriːmərz/

plural of “streamer” — light that streams

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

submergedadjectiveUS /səbˈmɜːrdʒd/

beneath the surface of the water

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

trailingnounUS /ˈtreɪlɪŋ/

the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Then he picked up the old scissors he had laid on the bank, and clipped the stems of the floating plants, getting as much of them as he could in the container.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

weedsnounUS /wiːdz/

a black garment (dress) worn by a widow as a sign of mourning

From this reading Carefully he dipped the bowl into the green-scummed water and, moving it gently, let trailing streamers of submerged water weeds drift into it.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he righted the bowl and got stiffly to his feet, it contained, he thought hopefully, a fair cross-section of fresh-water plankton.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was pleased with himself for remembering that term from the book he had studied assiduously for the last few nights in order to be able to cope with Harry’s inevitable questions.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading _Beneath the stagnant water shadowed by water lilies Harry found the fascinating world of the rotifers—but it was their world, and they resented intrusion._ Henry Chatham knelt by the brink of his garden pond, a glass fish bowl cupped in his thin, nervous hands.

Chapter 1 of The Rotifers by Robert Abernathy holds 336 sentences, grouped into 68 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Rotifers contain?

Chapter 1 holds 336 sentences of The Rotifers, unabridged, divided into 68 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Rotifers by Robert Abernathy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 336 sentences, grouped into 68 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Rotifers?

Work through the 68 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 68 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Rotifers

Common questions about reading The Rotifers by Robert Abernathy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Rotifers?

Yes. All 336 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35879 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Rotifers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35879, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Rotifers take to read?

About 28 minutes of reading across 68 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Rotifers section by section

How to work through The Rotifers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Rotifers to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Rotifers

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Rotifers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beneath
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rotifers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stagnant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rotifers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Water
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rotifers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shadowed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rotifers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.