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The Rough Road
The Rough Road

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Rough Road is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Rough Road
Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.
At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.
Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.
Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.
The highest in the scale sink, the lowest rise.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Rough Road

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Rough Road is here in full — 285 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.
/ðə ˈredʒəmənts ʌv ðə nuː ˈɑːrmiz hæv ˈɡæðərd ˈɪntuː ðer ræŋk ənd faɪl ə mɪkst kraʊd trænˈsendɪŋ ðə driːmz ʌv dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/
Line 2
At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.
/æt wʌn end ʌv ðə ˈsoʊʃəl skeɪl ɑːr men ʌv rəˈfaɪnd maɪndz ənd ˈdʒentəl ˈnɜːrtʃər æt ðə ˈʌðər ˈkriːtʃərz frʌm ðə slʌmz wɪð slʌm maɪndz ənd ˈmɔːrəlz ənd bɪˈtwiːn ðem ðə hoʊl ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɡæmət ɪz rʌn/
Line 3
Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.
/ɪkˈspɪriəns siːmz tuː ʃoʊ ðæt ˈniːðər ʌv ðə ekˈstriːm ˈeləmənts tend ɪn ðə wʌn keɪs tuː ˈeləveɪt ɔːr ɪn ðə ˈʌðər tuː dəˈbeɪs ðə bəˈtæljən/
Line 4
Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.
/ˈliːdɪŋ ðə ˈkɑːmən laɪf ˈʃerɪŋ ðə ˈkɑːmən ˈhɑːrdʃɪps ˈstraɪvɪŋ təˈwɔːrdz ˈkɑːmən aɪˈdiːlz ðeɪ ˌɪˈnevətəbli ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbli tend tuː mɜːrdʒ ðemˈselvz ɪn ðə ˈævərɪdʒ/
Line 5
The highest in the scale sink, the lowest rise.
/ðə ˈhaɪəst ɪn ðə skeɪl sɪŋk ðə ˈloʊəst raɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

debase verb US /dəˈbeɪs/

corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality

From this reading “Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.”

elevate verb US /ˈeləveɪt/

give a promotion to or assign to a higher position

From this reading “Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.”

gamut noun US /ˈɡæmət/

a complete extent or range: "a face that expressed a gamut of emotions"

From this reading “At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.”

merge verb US /mɜːrdʒ/

become one

From this reading “Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.”

nurture verb US /ˈnɜːrtʃər/

help develop, help grow

From this reading “At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.”

slum noun US /slʌm/

a district of a city marked by poverty and inferior living conditions

From this reading “At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.”

slums noun US /slʌmz/

plural of “slum” — a district of a city marked by poverty and inferior living conditions

From this reading “At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.”

transcending verb US /trænˈsendɪŋ/

-ing form of “transcend” — be greater in scope or size than some standard

From this reading “The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

averageadjectiveUS /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

battalionnounUS /bəˈtæljən/

an army unit usually consisting of a headquarters and three or more companies

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

debaseverbUS /dəˈbeɪs/

corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

DemocracynounUS /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/

the political orientation of those who favor government by the people or by their elected representatives

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

dreamsnounUS /driːmz/

plural of “dream” — a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

elevateverbUS /ˈeləveɪt/

give a promotion to or assign to a higher position

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

ExperienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

fileverbUS /faɪl/

record in a public office or in a court of law

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

gamutnounUS /ˈɡæmət/

a complete extent or range: "a face that expressed a gamut of emotions"

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

hardshipsnounUS /ˈhɑːrdʃɪps/

plural of “hardship” — a state of misfortune or affliction

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The highest in the scale sink, the lowest rise.

idealsnounUS /aɪˈdiːlz/

plural of “ideal” — the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

inevitablyadverbUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbli/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

irresistiblyadverbUS /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbli/

incapable of being resisted

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

LeadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

lowestadjectiveUS /ˈloʊəst/

lowest in rank or importance

From this reading The highest in the scale sink, the lowest rise.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

mergeverbUS /mɜːrdʒ/

become one

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

moralsnounUS /ˈmɔːrəlz/

motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

nurtureverbUS /ˈnɜːrtʃər/

help develop, help grow

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

refinedadjectiveUS /rəˈfaɪnd/

(used of persons and their behavior) cultivated and genteel

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

regimentsnounUS /ˈredʒəmənts/

plural of “regiment” — army unit smaller than a division

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading The highest in the scale sink, the lowest rise.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

scalenounUS /skeɪl/

an ordered reference standard

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

sharingnounUS /ˈʃerɪŋ/

using or enjoying something jointly with others

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

sinkverbUS /sɪŋk/

fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading The highest in the scale sink, the lowest rise.

slumnounUS /slʌm/

a district of a city marked by poverty and inferior living conditions

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

slumsnounUS /slʌmz/

plural of “slum” — a district of a city marked by poverty and inferior living conditions

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

strivingnounUS /ˈstraɪvɪŋ/

an effortful attempt to attain a goal

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

tendverbUS /tend/

have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Experience seems to show that neither of the extreme elements tend, in the one case to elevate, or in the other to debase the battalion.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading Leading the common life, sharing the common hardships, striving towards common ideals, they inevitably, irresistibly tend to merge themselves in the average.

transcendingverbUS /trænˈsendɪŋ/

-ing form of “transcend” — be greater in scope or size than some standard

From this reading The regiments of the new armies have gathered into their rank and file a mixed crowd transcending the dreams of Democracy.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At one end of the social scale are men of refined minds and gentle nurture, at the other creatures from the slums, with slum minds and morals, and between them the whole social gamut is run.

Chapter 10 of The Rough Road by William John Locke holds 285 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Rough Road contain?

Chapter 10 holds 285 sentences of The Rough Road, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Rough Road by William John Locke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 285 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Rough Road?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Rough Road

Common questions about reading The Rough Road by William John Locke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Rough Road?

Yes. All 7200 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27786 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Rough Road is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27786, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Rough Road take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1440 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Rough Road section by section

How to work through The Rough Road section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of The Rough Road to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Rough Road

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Rough Road, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Bodley
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rough Road; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rough Road; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Doggie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rough Road; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trevor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Rough Road; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.