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The Saga of Grettir the Strong
The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.
They parted with friendship.
Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.
In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.
Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.
Line 2
They parted with friendship.
/ðeɪ ˈpɑːrtɪd wɪð ˈfrendʃɪp/
Line 3
Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.
Line 4
In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.
/ɪn ðə end ʌv ðə ˈɔːtəm hiː rɪˈtɜːrnd frʌm ðə ˈwestərn pɑːrts/
Line 5
Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autumn noun US /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading “In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.”

entrusted verb US /enˈtrʌstɪd/

past form of “entrust” — confer a trust upon

From this reading “Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.”

Fjord noun US /fjɔːrd/

a long narrow inlet of the sea between steep cliffs; common in Norway

From this reading “Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.”

sailed verb US /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading “Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.”

staying verb US /ˈsteɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading “Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.”

traders noun US /ˈtreɪdərz/

plural of “trader” — someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading “Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.”

trading noun US /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading “Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.”

western adjective US /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading “In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.

awnings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

Bjorn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

entrustedverbUS /enˈtrʌstɪd/

past form of “entrust” — confer a trust upon

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

FjordnounUS /fjɔːrd/

a long narrow inlet of the sea between steep cliffs; common in Norway

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading They parted with friendship.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.

Gartar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

Grettir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

partedadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːrtɪd/

having a margin incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes

From this reading They parted with friendship.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

stayverbUS /steɪ/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

stayingverbUS /ˈsteɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They parted with friendship.

Thorkell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

Thorkell's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

Thrandheim's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

tradersnounUS /ˈtreɪdərz/

plural of “trader” — someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

tradingnounUS /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

transacting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

Vagar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading In the end of the autumn he returned from the western parts.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Grettir stayed in Vagar till the trading ships left, and then sailed South with some of the traders, as far as the port of Gartar at the mouth of the Thrandheim's Fjord, where he set up the awnings to make a stay.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Bjorn went West to England in Thorkell's ship, of which he was master, staying there for the summer and transacting the business which Thorkell had entrusted to him.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In the spring Grettir went North to Vagar with Thorkell's men.

Chapter 10 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown holds 66 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong contain?

Chapter 10 holds 66 sentences of The Saga of Grettir the Strong, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 66 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Common questions about reading The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Saga of Grettir the Strong?

Yes. All 4096 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #347 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #347, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Saga of Grettir the Strong take to read?

About 341 minutes of reading across 820 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Saga of Grettir the Strong section by section

How to work through The Saga of Grettir the Strong section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Saga of Grettir the Strong, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Named
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Onund
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ofeig
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clumsyfoot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.