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The Saga of Grettir the Strong
The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Saga of Grettir the Strong
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.
When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.
He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.
Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.
He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.
Line 2
When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.
Line 3
He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.
Line 4
Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.
Line 5
He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

approaching noun US /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading “When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.”

autumn noun US /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading “We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.”

Bishop noun US /ˈbɪʃəp/

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading “He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.”

chaplain noun US /ˈtʃæplən/

a clergyman ministering to some institution

From this reading “He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.”

connections noun US /kəˈnekʃənz/

plural of “connection” — a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading “Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.”

friendship noun US /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading “He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.”

stayed verb US /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading “When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.”

valuable adjective US /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading “He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

All-Thing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

Audun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

Audunarstad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

battle-axenoun

a sharp-tongued domineering wife

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

BishopnounUS /ˈbɪʃəp/

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

Bjarg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

chaplainnounUS /ˈtʃæplən/

a clergyman ministering to some institution

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

connectionsnounUS /kəˈnekʃənz/

plural of “connection” — a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

Egill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

Eyjolf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

Grettir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

Gudmund

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

Orin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Audun had long lived there, and had many connections.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

Thoreyjargnup

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

Thorlak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

Ulfheid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had a son named Egill, who married Ulfheid the daughter of Eyjolf, the son of Gudmund; their son Eyjolf, who was killed at the All-Thing, was the father of Orin the chaplain of Bishop Thorlak.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading He and Audun made friends again; Grettir gave him a valuable battle-axe and they agreed to hold together in friendship.

Vididal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

Warrior-Bardi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading When the winter was approaching, he rode North across the neck to Vididal and stayed at Audunarstad.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We have now to return to Grettir, who was at home in Bjarg during the autumn which followed his meeting with Warrior-Bardi at Thoreyjargnup.

Chapter 15 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong contain?

Chapter 15 holds 111 sentences of The Saga of Grettir the Strong, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Common questions about reading The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Saga of Grettir the Strong?

Yes. All 4096 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #347 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #347, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Saga of Grettir the Strong take to read?

About 341 minutes of reading across 820 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Saga of Grettir the Strong section by section

How to work through The Saga of Grettir the Strong section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Saga of Grettir the Strong to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Saga of Grettir the Strong, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Named
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Onund
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ofeig
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clumsyfoot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.