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The Saga of Grettir the Strong
The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Saga of Grettir the Strong
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.
Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.
Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.
Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.
After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.
Line 2
Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.
Line 3
Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.
/ˈɑːli sed hiː hæd noʊ maɪnd fɔːr wɜːrk ənd bɪˈkeɪm əˈbjuːsɪv/
Line 4
Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.
Line 5
After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abusive adjective US /əˈbjuːsɪv/

expressing offensive reproach

From this reading “Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.”

Ali noun US /ˈɑːli/

United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship three times (born in 1942)

From this reading “There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.”

beaten adjective US /ˈbiːtən/

formed or made thin by hammering

From this reading “Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.”

dwelling noun US /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading “There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.”

handled adjective US /ˈhændəld/

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading “Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.”

lazy adjective US /ˈleɪzi/

moving slowly and gently

From this reading “There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.”

roughly adverb US /ˈrʌfli/

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading “Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.”

stubborn adjective US /ˈstʌbərn/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading “There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

abusiveadjectiveUS /əˈbjuːsɪv/

expressing offensive reproach

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

AlinounUS /ˈɑːli/

United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship three times (born in 1942)

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

beatenadjectiveUS /ˈbiːtən/

formed or made thin by hammering

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

Bjarg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

dwellingnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

endureverbUS /enˈdjʊr/

put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

handledadjectiveUS /ˈhændəld/

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

lazyadjectiveUS /ˈleɪzi/

moving slowly and gently

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

Midfjord

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

Oxmain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

roughlyadverbUS /ˈrʌfli/

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Ali said he had no mind for work and became abusive.

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

stubbornadjectiveUS /ˈstʌbərn/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

Thorbjorn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Thorbjorn was not going to endure that, and got him down and handled him roughly.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading After that Ali ran away and went to the North across the neck to Midfjord; he did not stop till he reached Bjarg.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was dwelling with Thorbjorn Oxmain a man whose name was Ali, a servant, rather stubborn and lazy.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Thorbjorn told him he must work better or he would be beaten.

Chapter 20 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown holds 79 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong contain?

Chapter 20 holds 79 sentences of The Saga of Grettir the Strong, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 79 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Saga of Grettir the Strong?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Common questions about reading The Saga of Grettir the Strong by Unknown on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Saga of Grettir the Strong?

Yes. All 4096 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #347 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Saga of Grettir the Strong is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #347, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Saga of Grettir the Strong take to read?

About 341 minutes of reading across 820 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Saga of Grettir the Strong section by section

How to work through The Saga of Grettir the Strong section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Saga of Grettir the Strong to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Saga of Grettir the Strong

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Saga of Grettir the Strong, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Named
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Onund
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ofeig
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clumsyfoot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Saga of Grettir the Strong; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.