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The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West
The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West is here in full — 183 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MRS.
DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.
A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.
Up in the mountains the elk were braying.
The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West is here in full — 183 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MRS.
/ˈmɪsɪz/
Line 2
DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.
Line 3
A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.
Line 4
Up in the mountains the elk were braying.
Line 5
The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aspen noun US /ˈæspən/

any of several trees of the genus Populus having leaves on flattened stalks so that they flutter in the lightest wind

From this reading “DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.”

cottonwoods noun US /ˈkɑːtənwʊdz/

plural of “cottonwood” — any of several North American trees of the genus Populus having a tuft of cottony hairs on the seed

From this reading “DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.”

coyotes noun US /kaɪˈoʊtis/

plural of “coyote” — small wolf native to western North America

From this reading “The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.”

elk noun US /elk/

large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called “elk” in Europe and “moose” in North America

From this reading “Up in the mountains the elk were braying.”

flats noun US /flæts/

footwear (shoes or slippers) with no heel (or a very low heel)

From this reading “A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.”

immeasurable adjective US /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbəl/

impossible to measure

From this reading “A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.”

shorn adjective US /ʃɔːrn/

having the hair or wool cut or clipped off as if with shears or clippers

From this reading “DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.”

willows noun US /ˈwɪloʊz/

plural of “willow” — any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading “DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

aspennounUS /ˈæspən/

any of several trees of the genus Populus having leaves on flattened stalks so that they flutter in the lightest wind

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

braying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Up in the mountains the elk were braying.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

CONSCIENCEnounUS /ˈkɑːnʃəns/

motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

cottonwoodsnounUS /ˈkɑːtənwʊdz/

plural of “cottonwood” — any of several North American trees of the genus Populus having a tuft of cottony hairs on the seed

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

coyotesnounUS /kaɪˈoʊtis/

plural of “coyote” — small wolf native to western North America

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

DAVIDSON'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

dawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

elknounUS /elk/

large northern deer with enormous flattened antlers in the male; called “elk” in Europe and “moose” in North America

From this reading Up in the mountains the elk were braying.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

flatsnounUS /flæts/

footwear (shoes or slippers) with no heel (or a very low heel)

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

fowlnounUS /faʊl/

a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

honked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

immeasurableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbəl/

impossible to measure

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Up in the mountains the elk were braying.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Up in the mountains the elk were braying.

MRSnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading MRS.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

pinknounUS /pɪŋk/

a light shade of red

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

shornadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrn/

having the hair or wool cut or clipped off as if with shears or clippers

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

shriller

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

UpadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Up in the mountains the elk were braying.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading The voice of the coyotes at the pink of dawn seemed shriller now, as speaking of the coming days of want.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Up in the mountains the elk were braying.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading A hundred thousand wild fowl honked their way across the meadows toward the black flats where once had been a lake, and where now was immeasurable food for them.

willowsnounUS /ˈwɪloʊz/

plural of “willow” — any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading DAVIDSON'S CONSCIENCE It was fall, and the flame of the frost had fallen on the aspen and the cottonwoods, and shorn the willows of most of their leaves.

Chapter 36 of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West by Emerson Hough holds 183 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 36 of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West contain?

Chapter 36 holds 183 sentences of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 36 of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West by Emerson Hough exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 183 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 36 of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 36 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 36 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West

Common questions about reading The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West by Emerson Hough on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West?

Yes. All 6340 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19388 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19388, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West take to read?

About 528 minutes of reading across 1268 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West section by section

How to work through The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gardner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frowning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Around
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sagebrusher: A Story of the West; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.