Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Scapegoat
The Scapegoat

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Scapegoat is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Scapegoat
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.
To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.
Ruth sank under it.
Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.
After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Scapegoat

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Scapegoat is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.
Line 2
To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.
Line 3
Ruth sank under it.
/ruːθ sæŋk ˈʌndər ɪt/
Line 4
Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.
/θruː ˈsevən jɪrz ʃiː wɑːz aɪz ʌv ðə tʃaɪldz aɪz ənd ɪrz ʌv hɜːr ɪrz ənd tʌŋ ʌv hɜːr tʌŋ/
Line 5
After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.
/ˈæftər ðæt hɜːr oʊn saɪt bɪˈkeɪm dɪm ənd hɜːr ˈhiːrɪŋ feɪnt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

befall verb US /bɪˈfɔːl/

become of; happen to

From this reading “To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.”

burden noun US /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading “THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.”

child's noun US /tʃaɪldz/

possessive form of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading “Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.”

dread noun US /dred/

fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading “To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.”

helplessness noun US /ˈhelpləsnəs/

powerlessness revealed by an inability to act

From this reading “To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.”

Naomi noun US /neɪˈoʊmi/

the mother-in-law of Ruth whose story is told in the Book of Ruth in the Old Testament

From this reading “THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.”

ruth noun US /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading “THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.”

tyranny noun US /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading “To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

befallverbUS /bɪˈfɔːl/

become of; happen to

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

child'snounUS /tʃaɪldz/

possessive form of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

DEATHnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

dimadjectiveUS /dɪm/

lacking in light; not bright or harsh

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

dreadnounUS /dred/

fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

dreamnounUS /driːm/

A series of thoughts, images, or emotions during sleep.

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

faintadjectiveUS /feɪnt/

deficient in magnitude; barely perceptible; lacking clarity or brightness or loudness etc

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

hearingnounUS /ˈhiːrɪŋ/

(law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

helplessnessnounUS /ˈhelpləsnəs/

powerlessness revealed by an inability to act

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Ruth sank under it.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

mischances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

NaominounUS /neɪˈoʊmi/

the mother-in-law of Ruth whose story is told in the Book of Ruth in the Old Testament

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

pitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

prettinessnoun

the quality of being appealing in a delicate or graceful way (of a girl or young woman)

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

RUTHnounUS /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

sankverbUS /sæŋk/

inflected form of “sink” — fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading Ruth sank under it.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading After that her own sight became dim, and her hearing faint.

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

trulyadverbUS /ˈtruːli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Ruth sank under it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE DEATH OF RUTH For all her joy and all her prettiness, Naomi was a burden which only love could bear.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading To think of the girl by day, and to dream of her by night, never to sit by her without pity of her helplessness, and never to leave her without dread of the mischances that might so easily befall, to see for her, to hear for her, to speak for her, truly the tyranny of the burden was terrible.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Through seven years she was eyes of the child's eyes, and ears of her ears, and tongue of her tongue.

Chapter 4 of The Scapegoat by Hall, Sir Caine holds 175 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Scapegoat contain?

Chapter 4 holds 175 sentences of The Scapegoat, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Scapegoat by Hall, Sir Caine exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 175 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Scapegoat?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Scapegoat

Common questions about reading The Scapegoat by Hall, Sir Caine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Scapegoat?

Yes. All 5368 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1303 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Scapegoat is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1303, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Scapegoat take to read?

About 447 minutes of reading across 1074 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Scapegoat section by section

How to work through The Scapegoat section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of The Scapegoat to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Scapegoat

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Scapegoat, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Israel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jewish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Banker
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tangier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.