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The Scapegoat
The Scapegoat

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Scapegoat is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.
He kept his office, but he lost his power.
No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.
Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.
It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Scapegoat

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Scapegoat is here in full — 170 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.
Line 2
He kept his office, but he lost his power.
/hiː kept hɪz ˈɔːfɪs bʌt hiː lɔːst hɪz ˈpaʊər/
Line 3
No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.
Line 4
Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.
Line 5
It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Israel noun US /ˈɪzriəl/

Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine

From this reading “THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.”

Israel's noun US /ˈɪzreɪlz/

possessive form of “israel” — Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine

From this reading “THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.”

scapegoat noun US /ˈskeɪpɡoʊt/

someone who is punished for the errors of others

From this reading “THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.”

taxation noun US /tækˈseɪʃən/

charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading “Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.”

tribute noun US /ˈtrɪbjuːt/

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading “Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.”

vexed adjective US /vekst/

troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances

From this reading “It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.”

wages noun US /ˈweɪdʒəz/

a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading “It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.”

woman's noun US /ˈwʊmənz/

possessive form of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading “It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

blameverbUS /bleɪm/

put or pin the blame on

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He kept his office, but he lost his power.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

galledadjective

painful from having the skin abraded

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

GovernornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He kept his office, but he lost his power.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

instinctnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

IsraelnounUS /ˈɪzriəl/

Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

Israel'snounUS /ˈɪzreɪlz/

possessive form of “israel” — Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

Katrina

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

Katrina's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading He kept his office, but he lost his power.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading He kept his office, but he lost his power.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading He kept his office, but he lost his power.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading He kept his office, but he lost his power.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

SCAPEGOATnounUS /ˈskeɪpɡoʊt/

someone who is punished for the errors of others

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

taxationnounUS /tækˈseɪʃən/

charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

Tetuan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

tributenounUS /ˈtrɪbjuːt/

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading Katrina's will was an evil one, and Israel got the blame of it, for still he seemed to stand in all matters of tribute and taxation between the people and the Governor.

vexedadjectiveUS /vekst/

troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

VISIONnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading THE VISION OF THE SCAPEGOAT Israel's instinct had been sure: the coming of Katrina proved to be the beginning of his end.

wagesnounUS /ˈweɪdʒəz/

a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

woman'snounUS /ˈwʊmənz/

possessive form of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading No longer did he work his own will in Tetuan; he was required to work the will of the woman.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading It galled him to take the woman's wages, but it vexed him yet more to do her work.

Chapter 8 of The Scapegoat by Hall, Sir Caine holds 170 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Scapegoat contain?

Chapter 8 holds 170 sentences of The Scapegoat, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Scapegoat by Hall, Sir Caine exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 170 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Scapegoat?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Scapegoat

Common questions about reading The Scapegoat by Hall, Sir Caine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Scapegoat?

Yes. All 5368 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1303 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Scapegoat is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1303, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Scapegoat take to read?

About 447 minutes of reading across 1074 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Scapegoat section by section

How to work through The Scapegoat section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of The Scapegoat to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Scapegoat

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Scapegoat, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Israel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jewish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Banker
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tangier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scapegoat; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.