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The Scarlet Banner

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Scarlet Banner is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was three years ago.
We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.
We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.
We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.
Days, weeks elapsed.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Scarlet Banner

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Scarlet Banner is here in full — 165 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was three years ago.
/ɪt wɑːz θriː jɪrz əˈɡoʊ/
Line 2
We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.
Line 3
We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.
Line 4
We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.
/wiː ɪnˈkæmpt ɑːn ðə pleɪn ˈkiːpɪŋ ðem sərˈaʊndɪd ənˈtɪl ˈhʌŋɡər ʃʊd fɔːrs ðem tuː jiːld/
Line 5
Days, weeks elapsed.
/deɪz wiːks ɪˈlæpst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

elapsed adjective US /ɪˈlæpst/

(of time) having passed or slipped by

From this reading “Days, weeks elapsed.”

encamped verb US /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.”

inaccessible adjective US /ˌɪnəkˈsesəbəl/

capable of being reached only with great difficulty or not at all

From this reading “We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.”

Moors noun US /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading “We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.”

Numidia noun US /nuːˈmɪdiə/

an ancient kingdom (later a Roman province) in North Africa in an area corresponding roughly to present-day Algeria

From this reading “We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.”

southwest noun US /ˌsaʊˈθwest/

the compass point midway between south and west; at 225 degrees

From this reading “We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.”

tents noun US /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading “We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.”

tribes noun US /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading “We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sought refuge adjective + noun

In this reading “We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.”

three years noun + noun

In this reading “It was three years ago.”

steep mountains adjective + noun counted as “steep mountain”

In this reading “We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.”

passed through verb + particle counted as “pass through”

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.”

encamped on verb + particle counted as “encamp on”

In this reading “We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.”

level country noun + noun

In this reading “We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.”

marched against verb + particle counted as “march against”

In this reading “We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.”

at the foot preposition + article + noun counted as “at … foot”

In this reading “We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading It was three years ago.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

Auras

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

DaysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Days, weeks elapsed.

elapsedadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæpst/

(of time) having passed or slipped by

From this reading Days, weeks elapsed.

encampedverbUS /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

hungernounUS /ˈhʌŋɡər/

a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

inaccessibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnəkˈsesəbəl/

capable of being reached only with great difficulty or not at all

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was three years ago.

keepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

MoorsnounUS /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

MountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

NumidianounUS /nuːˈmɪdiə/

an ancient kingdom (later a Roman province) in North Africa in an area corresponding roughly to present-day Algeria

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

pitchnounUS /pɪtʃ/

the property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

Proconsularis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

southwestnounUS /ˌsaʊˈθwest/

the compass point midway between south and west; at 225 degrees

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

steepadjectiveUS /stiːp/

having a sharp inclination

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

tentsnounUS /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading It was three years ago.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

Tipasa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was three years ago.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Days, weeks elapsed.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading We passed through the Proconsularis, then Numidia, and from Tipasa forced the foe out of the level country up the steep mountains, where, amid inaccessible rocks, they sought refuge.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We had again marched against the Moors, this time to the southwest to meet the tribes which pitch their tents at the foot of the Auras Mountains.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading It was three years ago.

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading We encamped on the plain, keeping them surrounded until hunger should force them to yield.

Chapter 19 of The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn holds 165 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Scarlet Banner contain?

Chapter 19 holds 165 sentences of The Scarlet Banner, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 165 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Scarlet Banner?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Scarlet Banner

Common questions about reading The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Scarlet Banner?

Yes. All 6024 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32461 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Scarlet Banner is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32461, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Scarlet Banner take to read?

About 502 minutes of reading across 1205 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Scarlet Banner section by section

How to work through The Scarlet Banner section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Scarlet Banner

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Scarlet Banner, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
German
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Safford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translator
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.