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The Scarlet Banner
The Scarlet Banner

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Scarlet Banner is here in full — 205 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.
The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.
In which there was an active stir of military preparation.
In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.
A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Scarlet Banner

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Scarlet Banner is here in full — 205 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.
Line 2
The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.
/ðə ˈneroʊ bʌt ˈlɔːfti ɑːrtʃt ˈwɪndoʊ əˈfɔːrdəd ə vjuː ʌv ðə lɑːrdʒ skwer ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd ʌv ðə ˈpæləs/
Line 3
In which there was an active stir of military preparation.
/ɪn wɪtʃ ðer wɑːz æn ˈæktɪv stɜːr ʌv ˈmɪləteri ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/
Line 4
In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.
/ɪn wʌn ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv ðə waɪd speɪs ˈnuːli ərˈaɪvd ˈvændəl rəˈkruːts wɜːr ˈbiːɪŋ dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˈɪntuː bændz ʌv tenz ənd ˈhʌndrədz ɪn əˈnʌðər ðeɪ wɜːr dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒɪŋ ˈæroʊz ənd ˈhɜːrlɪŋ spɪrz æt ˈtɑːrɡəts meɪd ʌv plæŋks wɪtʃ ɪn haɪt wɪdθ ənd ˈdʒenərəl əˈpɪrəns rɪˈzembəld æz ˈkloʊsli æz ˈpɑːsəbəl ˈbɪzəntaɪn ˈwɔːriərz ɪn fʊl dɪˈfensɪv ˈɑːrmər/
Line 5
A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.
/ə ˈspeʃəl ˈoʊvəl enˈkloʊʒər wɑːz rɪˈzɜːrvd fɔːr ðə ˌɪnˈspekʃən ʌv ˈhɔːrsəz ənd ˈkæməlz ˈɔːfərd fɔːr seɪl baɪ ˈmʊrɪʃ ˈtreɪdərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Byzantine adjective US /ˈbɪzəntaɪn/

of or relating to the Eastern Orthodox Church or the rites performed in it

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

discharging verb US /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “discharge” — complete or carry out

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

Eugenia noun US /ˌjuːˈdʒiːniə/

tropical trees and shrubs with aromatic leaves and often valuable hard wood

From this reading “Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.”

hurling noun US /ˈhɜːrlɪŋ/

a traditional Irish game resembling hockey; played by two teams of 15 players each

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

recruits noun US /rəˈkruːts/

plural of “recruit” — a recently enlisted soldier

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

targets noun US /ˈtɑːrɡəts/

plural of “target” — a reference point to shoot at

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

tens noun US /tenz/

plural of “ten” — the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

Vandal noun US /ˈvændəl/

someone who willfully destroys or defaces property

From this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wide space adjective + noun

In this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

third day noun + noun

In this reading “Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.”

general appearance adjective + noun

In this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

for sale preposition + noun

available for purchase

In this reading “A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.”

great hall adjective + noun

the principal hall in a castle or mansion; can be used for dining or entertainment

In this reading “Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.”

in height preposition + noun

having a specified height

In this reading “In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.”

on the morning preposition + article + noun counted as “on … morning”

In this reading “Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.”

work at verb + particle

to exert effort in order to do, make, or perform something

In this reading “Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

affordedverbUS /əˈfɔːrdəd/

past form of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

apartmentsnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənts/

plural of “apartment” — a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

archedadjectiveUS /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

armornounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

protective covering made of metal and used in combat

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

arrowsnounUS /ˈæroʊz/

plural of “arrow” — a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

bandsnounUS /bændz/

plural of “band” — an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

ByzantineadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzəntaɪn/

of or relating to the Eastern Orthodox Church or the rites performed in it

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

camelsnounUS /ˈkæməlz/

plural of “camel” — cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

courtyardnounUS /ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd/

An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by the walls of a house.

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

defensiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈfensɪv/

intended or appropriate for defending against or deterring aggression or attack

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

dischargingverbUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “discharge” — complete or carry out

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

eagerlyadverbUS /ˈiːɡərli/

with eagerness; in an eager manner

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

enclosurenounUS /enˈkloʊʒər/

a structure consisting of an area that has been enclosed for some purpose

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

EugenianounUS /ˌjuːˈdʒiːniə/

tropical trees and shrubs with aromatic leaves and often valuable hard wood

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

Hilda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

hundredsnounUS /ˈhʌndrədz/

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

hurlingnounUS /ˈhɜːrlɪŋ/

a traditional Irish game resembling hockey; played by two teams of 15 players each

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

industriouslyadverb

in an industrious manner

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

inspectionnounUS /ˌɪnˈspekʃən/

a formal or official examination

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

MoorishnounUS /ˈmʊrɪʃ/

a style of architecture common in Spain from the 13th to 16th centuries; characterized by horseshoe-shaped arches

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

newlyadverbUS /ˈnuːli/

very recently

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

ovalnounUS /ˈoʊvəl/

a closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

planksnounUS /plæŋks/

plural of “plank” — a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

recruitsnounUS /rəˈkruːts/

plural of “recruit” — a recently enlisted soldier

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

resembledverbUS /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

reservedadjectiveUS /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

salenounUS /seɪl/

a particular instance of selling

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

spearsnounUS /spɪrz/

plural of “spear” — a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

stirverbUS /stɜːr/

move an implement through

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

talkingnounUS /ˈtɔːkɪŋ/

an exchange of ideas via conversation

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

targetsnounUS /ˈtɑːrɡəts/

plural of “target” — a reference point to shoot at

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

tensnounUS /tenz/

plural of “ten” — the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

toilingadjectiveUS /ˈtɔɪlɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

tradersnounUS /ˈtreɪdərz/

plural of “trader” — someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading A special oval enclosure was reserved for the inspection of horses and camels offered for sale by Moorish traders.

VandalnounUS /ˈvændəl/

someone who willfully destroys or defaces property

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In which there was an active stir of military preparation.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

widthnounUS /wɪdθ/

the extent of something from side to side

From this reading In one portion of the wide space newly arrived Vandal recruits were being divided into bands of tens and hundreds; in another they were discharging arrows and hurling spears at targets made of planks which, in height, width, and general appearance, resembled as closely as possible Byzantine warriors in full defensive armor.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading The narrow but lofty arched window afforded a view of the large square courtyard of the palace.

women's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Early on the morning of the third day after the meeting in the great hall of the palace, Hilda and her young charge, Eugenia, were sitting together in one of the women's apartments, talking eagerly over the work at which they were industriously toiling.

Chapter 20 of The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn holds 205 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Scarlet Banner contain?

Chapter 20 holds 205 sentences of The Scarlet Banner, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 205 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Scarlet Banner?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Scarlet Banner

Common questions about reading The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Scarlet Banner?

Yes. All 6024 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32461 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Scarlet Banner is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32461, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Scarlet Banner take to read?

About 502 minutes of reading across 1205 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Scarlet Banner section by section

How to work through The Scarlet Banner section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Scarlet Banner to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Scarlet Banner

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Scarlet Banner, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
German
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Safford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translator
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.