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adeterminerUS /ə/
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
abandoned
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/
Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
andconjunctionUS /ənd/
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
asconjunctionUS /æz/
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/
the past participle of “be”
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
builders
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
byprepositionUS /baɪ/
showing who or what does the action
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
Carthaginian
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
city
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
clouds
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From this reading The sun could not penetrate the dense clouds.
cold
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
constructed
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From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/
the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests
From this reading The sun could not penetrate the dense clouds.
damp
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
dawned
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
dense
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From this reading The sun could not penetrate the dense clouds.
desertedverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/
left a place or vessel without intending to return
From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
Dull
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
early
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
few
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
founders
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
fromprepositionUS /frʌm/
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
gray
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
houses
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From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
inprepositionUS /ɪn/
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
longnounUS /long/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
March
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
Medenus
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
misty
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
Moors
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
morningnounUS /morning/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
Most
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
mountain
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From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
Nomad
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
notadverbUS /nɑːt/
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading The sun could not penetrate the dense clouds.
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
penetrate
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From this reading The sun could not penetrate the dense clouds.
places
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
refuge
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
Roman
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From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
roofs
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
ruinous
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From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/
from a time in the past until now
From this reading The ancient city of Medenus had long since been abandoned by its Carthaginian and Roman founders and builders.
stillnounUS /still/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
stone
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
stoodnounUS /stood/
an important story-specific word used in this passage
From this reading Most of the houses, constructed of stone from the mountain, stood deserted and ruinous.
sun
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From this reading The sun could not penetrate the dense clouds.
thedeterminerUS /ðə/
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/
a formal word for “on”
From this reading Dull, misty, and gray, a cold damp morning in early March dawned upon the mountain.
used
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.
winter
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From this reading Nomad Moors used the few which still had roofs as places of refuge in winter.