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The Scarlet Banner
The Scarlet Banner

Chapter XL · Chapter 40

Chapter 40 of The Scarlet Banner is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.
Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.
The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.
We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.
Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Scarlet Banner

Chapter XL · Chapter 40

Chapter 40 of The Scarlet Banner is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.
Line 2
Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.
Line 3
The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.
Line 4
We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.
Line 5
Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.
/kloʊs tuː ðə ɡeɪt ʌv hɪz ˈkæpətəl hɪz streŋkθ feɪld ənd hiː fel feɪs ˈdaʊnwərd ɪn ðə roʊd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acacia noun US /əˈkeɪʃə/

any of various spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Acacia

From this reading “We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.”

Carthage noun US /ˈkɑːrθədʒ/

an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis; founded by Phoenicians; destroyed and rebuilt by Romans; razed by Arabs in 697

From this reading “PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.”

declining verb US /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading “PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.”

disapproved verb US /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvd/

past form of “disapprove” — consider bad or wrong

From this reading “We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.”

gear noun US /ɡɪr/

a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion

From this reading “We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.”

hermits noun US /ˈhɜːrməts/

plural of “hermit” — one retired from society for religious reasons

From this reading “The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.”

thorns noun US /θɔːrnz/

plural of “thorn” — something that causes irritation and annoyance

From this reading “We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.”

Vandal noun US /ˈvændəl/

someone who willfully destroys or defaces property

From this reading “PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sharp thorns adjective + noun counted as “sharp thorn”

In this reading “We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.”

praying aloud verb + particle counted as “pray aloud”

In this reading “PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.”

sharp points adjective + noun counted as “sharp point”

In this reading “The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.”

on foot preposition + noun

In this reading “PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.”

asked for verb + particle counted as “ask for”

increase the likelihood of

In this reading “The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

acacianounUS /əˈkeɪʃə/

any of various spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Acacia

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

aloudadverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

using the voice; not silently

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

camelnounUS /ˈkæməl/

cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

captivenounUS /ˈkæptɪv/

a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

CarthagenounUS /ˈkɑːrθədʒ/

an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis; founded by Phoenicians; destroyed and rebuilt by Romans; razed by Arabs in 697

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

cast-offadjective

thrown away

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

CETHEGUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

CloseadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

crazyadjectiveUS /ˈkreɪzi/

affected with madness or insanity

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

declinedverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnd/

past form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

decliningverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

disapprovedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpruːvd/

past form of “disapprove” — consider bad or wrong

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

downwardadjectiveUS /ˈdaʊnwərd/

extending or moving from a higher to a lower place

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

Fara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

gearnounUS /ɡɪr/

a toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

girdlenounUS /ˈɡɜːrdəl/

an encircling or ringlike structure

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

half-tattered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

HEpronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

hermitsnounUS /ˈhɜːrməts/

plural of “hermit” — one retired from society for religious reasons

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

horse-bridle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

insideadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on the side closer to the center or within a defined space

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

mantlenounUS /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

penitent's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

prayingverbUS /ˈpreɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “pray” — address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship; say a prayer

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

PROCOPIUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

purplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

remainingadjectiveUS /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

not used up

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Close to the gate of his capital, his strength failed, and he fell, face downward, in the road.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

suitableadjectiveUS /ˈsuːtəbəl/

meant or adapted for an occasion or use

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

thornsnounUS /θɔːrnz/

plural of “thorn” — something that causes irritation and annoyance

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

TyrantnounUS /ˈtaɪrənt/

a cruel and oppressive dictator

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

VandalnounUS /ˈvændəl/

someone who willfully destroys or defaces property

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading PROCOPIUS TO CETHEGUS: HE went all the way to Carthage on foot, declining horse or camel, remaining silent or praying aloud in Latin, no longer in the Vandal language.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading We did not know how to obtain such crazy gear, and Fara probably disapproved the wish, so the "Tyrant" himself made one from a cast-off horse-bridle which he found and the hard, sharp thorns of the desert acacia.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The captive declined, and asked for a penitent's girdle, with sharp points on the inside, such as the hermits wear in the desert.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading Fara offered him suitable garments instead of the worn, half-tattered purple mantle which he had on his bare body.

Chapter 40 of The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of The Scarlet Banner contain?

Chapter 40 holds 104 sentences of The Scarlet Banner, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of The Scarlet Banner?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Scarlet Banner

Common questions about reading The Scarlet Banner by Felix Dahn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Scarlet Banner?

Yes. All 6024 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32461 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Scarlet Banner is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32461, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Scarlet Banner take to read?

About 502 minutes of reading across 1205 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Scarlet Banner section by section

How to work through The Scarlet Banner section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Scarlet Banner to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Scarlet Banner

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Scarlet Banner, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
German
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Safford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Translator
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scarlet Banner; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.