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The Scottish Chiefs
The Scottish Chiefs

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Scottish Chiefs is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Carse of Stirling.
Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.
De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"
"The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.
He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Scottish Chiefs

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Scottish Chiefs is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Carse of Stirling.
Line 2
Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.
/ˈdeɪbreɪk ɡliːmd ˈoʊvər ðə skaɪ bɪˈfɔːr ðə ˈwʌndərɪŋ ˈspekteɪtərz ʌv ðə leɪt ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri siːn hæd dɪˈspɜːrst tuː ðer ˈkwɔːrtərz/
Line 3
De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"
Line 4
"The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.
/ðə ˈwaɪli skɑːt nuː ˈbetər rɪˈplaɪd diː ˈveɪləns ðæn soʊ tuː ɪkˈspoʊz ðə ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən ʌv ðə ˈleɪdi/
Line 5
He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assassin noun US /əˈsæsən/

a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed

From this reading “De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"”

borders noun US /ˈbɔːrdərz/

plural of “border” — a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading “De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"”

dispersed adjective US /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading “Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.”

night's noun US /naɪts/

possessive form of “night” — the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading “De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"”

proclaim verb US /proʊˈkleɪm/

declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles

From this reading “He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."”

Scot noun US /skɑːt/

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading “"The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.”

Valence noun US /ˈveɪləns/

(biology) a relative capacity to unite or react or interact as with antigens or a biological substrate

From this reading “De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"”

wily adjective US /ˈwaɪli/

marked by skill in deception

From this reading “"The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

arrestverbUS /ərˈest/

take into custody

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

assassinnounUS /əˈsæsən/

a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

bordersnounUS /ˈbɔːrdərz/

plural of “border” — a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

Carse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Carse of Stirling.

convincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

DaybreaknounUS /ˈdeɪbreɪk/

the first light of day

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

DenounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

dispersedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

droppedverbUS /drɑːpt/

inflected form of “drop” — let fall to the ground

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

durst

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

exclamationnounUS /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃən/

an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

exposeverbUS /ɪkˈspoʊz/

expose or make accessible to some action or influence

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

extraordinaryadjectiveUS /ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri/

beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

gleamedverbUS /ɡliːmd/

past form of “gleam” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

night'snounUS /naɪts/

possessive form of “night” — the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Carse of Stirling.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

proclaimverbUS /proʊˈkleɪm/

declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

quartersnounUS /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

housing available for people to live in

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

salutationnoun

an act of honor or courteous recognition

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

ScotnounUS /skɑːt/

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

seizeverbUS /siːz/

take hold of; grab

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

spectatorsnounUS /ˈspekteɪtərz/

plural of “spectator” — a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

Stirling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Carse of Stirling.

sunrisenounUS /ˈsʌnraɪz/

the first light of day

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Carse of Stirling.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

ValencenounUS /ˈveɪləns/

(biology) a relative capacity to unite or react or interact as with antigens or a biological substrate

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

Warenne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

wilyadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪli/

marked by skill in deception

From this reading "The wily Scot knew better," replied De Valence, "than so to expose the reputation of the lady.

wonderingadjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərɪŋ/

showing curiosity

From this reading Daybreak gleamed over the sky before the wondering spectators of the late extraordinary scene had dispersed to their quarters.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading De Warenne was so well convinced by what had dropped from De Valence, of his having been the assassin, that when they met at sunrise to take horse for the borders, he made him no other salutation than an exclamation of surprise, "not to find him under an arrest for the last night's work!"

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading He knew that she received the wound in his arms, and he durst not seize me, for fear I should proclaim it."

Chapter 20 of The Scottish Chiefs by Jane Porter holds 174 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Scottish Chiefs contain?

Chapter 20 holds 174 sentences of The Scottish Chiefs, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Scottish Chiefs by Jane Porter exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 174 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Scottish Chiefs?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Scottish Chiefs

Common questions about reading The Scottish Chiefs by Jane Porter on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Scottish Chiefs?

Yes. All 11364 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6086 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Scottish Chiefs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6086, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Scottish Chiefs take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2273 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Scottish Chiefs section by section

How to work through The Scottish Chiefs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Scottish Chiefs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Scottish Chiefs

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Scottish Chiefs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Scotland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scottish Chiefs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scottish Chiefs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Summer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scottish Chiefs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Desolated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Scottish Chiefs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.