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The Serf
The Serf

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Serf is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Serf
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"
Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.
Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.
The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.
Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Serf

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Serf is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"
Line 2
Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.
Line 3
Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.
/ˈtaɪərd ˈneɪtʃər ɡeɪv hɪm ə ˈfɪzɪkəl əˈblɪviən fɔːr ə taɪm bʌt wen hɪz ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən wɑːz wɜːrkt ɔːf hiː bɪˈɡæn tuː tɔːs əˈniːzəli ənd tuː driːm/
Line 4
The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.
/ðə ɪˈvents ʌv ðə pæst deɪz dænst ɪn ə kənˈfjuːzd ˈdʒʌmbəl ɪn hɪz breɪn ənd ðə ˈdɑːmənənt senˈseɪʃən wɑːz wʌn ʌv ˈɡlaɪdɪŋ ˈoʊvər ˈwɔːtər/
Line 5
Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.
/ˈwɔːtər ənd ðə væst ˈloʊnli fen lændz wɜːr ˈvɪvədli bɪˈfɔːr hɪm ɪn ə ˈhʌndrəd əˈniːzi ənd fænˈtæstɪk weɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dominant adjective US /ˈdɑːmənənt/

exercising influence or control

From this reading “The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.”

exhaustion noun US /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

extreme fatigue

From this reading “Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.”

fen noun US /fen/

100 fen equal 1 yuan in China

From this reading “Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.”

gliding noun US /ˈɡlaɪdɪŋ/

the activity of flying a glider

From this reading “The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.”

jumble noun US /ˈdʒʌmbəl/

a confused multitude of things

From this reading “The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.”

oblivion noun US /əˈblɪviən/

the state of being disregarded or forgotten

From this reading “Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.”

Pilgrims noun US /ˈpɪlɡrəmz/

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading “"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"”

vividly adverb US /ˈvɪvədli/

in a vivid manner

From this reading “Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at the gate preposition + article + noun counted as “at … gate”

In this reading “"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"”

go through verb + particle

undergo or live through a difficult experience

In this reading “"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"”

At the sight preposition + article + noun counted as “at … sight”

In this reading “"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"”

past days noun + noun

In this reading “The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.”

after an hour preposition + article + noun counted as “after … hour”

In this reading “Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.”

for a time preposition + article + noun counted as “for … time”

In this reading “Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.”

went with verb + particle counted as “go with”

be present or associated with an event or entity

In this reading “"At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

confusedadjectiveUS /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

dancedverbUS /dænst/

past form of “dance” — move in a graceful and rhythmical way

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

dominantadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːmənənt/

exercising influence or control

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

dreamnounUS /driːm/

A series of thoughts, images, or emotions during sleep.

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

exhaustionnounUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

extreme fatigue

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

fantasticadjectiveUS /fænˈtæstɪk/

ludicrously odd

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

fennounUS /fen/

100 fen equal 1 yuan in China

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

glidingnounUS /ˈɡlaɪdɪŋ/

the activity of flying a glider

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

Hylanoun

the type genus of the Hylidae; tree toads

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

jumblenounUS /ˈdʒʌmbəl/

a confused multitude of things

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

oblivionnounUS /əˈblɪviən/

the state of being disregarded or forgotten

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

physicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

PilgrimsnounUS /ˈpɪlɡrəmz/

plural of “pilgrim” — someone who journeys in foreign lands

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

sensationnounUS /senˈseɪʃən/

an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

stunnedadjectiveUS /stʌnd/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

TiredadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪərd/

depleted of strength or energy

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

tossverbUS /tɔːs/

throw or toss with a light motion

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Hyla slept ill after an hour or two.

uneasilyadverbUS /əˈniːzəli/

with anxiety or apprehension

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

uneasyadjectiveUS /əˈniːzi/

lacking a sense of security or affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

vividlyadverbUS /ˈvɪvədli/

in a vivid manner

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The events of the past days danced in a confused jumble in his brain, and the dominant sensation was one of gliding over water.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading Water and the vast lonely fen lands were vividly before him in a hundred uneasy and fantastic ways.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Tired nature gave him a physical oblivion for a time, but when his exhaustion was worked off, he began to toss uneasily and to dream.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "At the sight therefore, of this river, the Pilgrims were much stunned; but the men that went with them said, 'You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.'"

Chapter 10 of The Serf by Guy Thorne holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Serf contain?

Chapter 10 holds 147 sentences of The Serf, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Serf by Guy Thorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Serf?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Serf

Common questions about reading The Serf by Guy Thorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Serf?

Yes. All 3706 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41829 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Serf is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41829, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Serf take to read?

About 308 minutes of reading across 742 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Serf section by section

How to work through The Serf section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The Serf to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Serf

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Serf, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cause
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fenno
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.