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The Serf
The Serf

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Serf is here in full — 148 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."
They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.
Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.
He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.
"But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Serf

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Serf is here in full — 148 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."
Line 2
They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.
/ðeɪ wʌn tuː lænd wɪð ðə eɪd ʌv ə ˈfloʊtɪŋ ɔːr/
Line 3
Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.
Line 4
He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.
Line 5
"But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Breasting verb US /ˈbrestɪŋ/

-ing form of “breast” — meet at breast level

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

flatly adverb US /ˈflætli/

in an unqualified manner

From this reading “Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.”

fretful adjective US /ˈfretfəl/

nervous and unable to relax

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

gnat noun US /næt/

any of various small biting flies: midges; biting midges; black flies; sand flies

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

grasshopper noun US /ˈɡræshɑːpər/

terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

manfully adverb US /ˈmænfəli/

in a manful manner; with qualities thought to befit a man

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

oily adjective US /ˈɔɪli/

containing an unusual amount of grease or oil

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

ripples noun US /ˈrɪpəlz/

plural of “ripple” — a small wave on the surface of a liquid

From this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

go back verb + particle

belong to an earlier time

In this reading “He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.”

little ripples adjective + noun counted as “little ripple”

In this reading “"Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."”

with the aid preposition + article + noun counted as “with … aid”

In this reading “They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

accompanyverbUS /əˈkʌmpəni/

be present or associated with an event or entity

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

befallenverbUS /bəˈfɑːlən/

inflected form of “befall” — become of; happen to

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

BreastingverbUS /ˈbrestɪŋ/

-ing form of “breast” — meet at breast level

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

Cerdic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

chirped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

comradesnounUS /ˈkɑːmrædz/

plural of “comrade” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

dancedverbUS /dænst/

past form of “dance” — move in a graceful and rhythmical way

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

eatenverbUS /ˈiːtən/

inflected form of “eat” — take in solid food

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

explainingverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

fathersnounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

plural of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

flatlyadverbUS /ˈflætli/

in an unqualified manner

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

floatingadjectiveUS /ˈfloʊtɪŋ/

borne up by or suspended in a liquid

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

fretfuladjectiveUS /ˈfretfəl/

nervous and unable to relax

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

Fulke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

gnatnounUS /næt/

any of various small biting flies: midges; biting midges; black flies; sand flies

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

grasshoppernounUS /ˈɡræshɑːpər/

terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

Hilgay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

Huber

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

Hylanoun

the type genus of the Hylidae; tree toads

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

Icomb

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

idlyadverbUS /ˈaɪdli/

in an idle manner

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

killverbUS /kɪl/

cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

MadeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

manfullyadverbUS /ˈmænfəli/

in a manful manner; with qualities thought to befit a man

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

nestnounUS /nest/

a structure in which animals lay eggs or give birth to their young

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

oarnounUS /ɔːr/

an implement used to propel or steer a boat

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

oilyadjectiveUS /ˈɔɪli/

containing an unusual amount of grease or oil

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

ripplesnounUS /ˈrɪpəlz/

plural of “ripple” — a small wave on the surface of a liquid

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

sleekadjectiveUS /sliːk/

well-groomed and neatly tailored; especially too well-groomed

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He said it was his duty to go back to Hilgay and say what had become of his comrades, and how they had met their end.

water-rat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Hyla and Cerdic were for getting back to Icomb and explaining what had befallen them to the fathers, but Huber flatly refused to accompany them.

wild-duck's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

willowsnounUS /ˈwɪloʊz/

plural of “willow” — any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading "Through the gray willows danced the fretful gnat, The grasshopper chirped idly from the tree, In sleek and oily coat the water-rat, Breasting the little ripples manfully Made for the wild-duck's nest."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading They won to land, with the aid of a floating oar.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "But if you tell Lord Fulke how you have eaten and slept in friendship--for we must rest and eat before we go--with those that did kill his father, what then?" said Cerdic.

Chapter 12 of The Serf by Guy Thorne holds 148 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Serf contain?

Chapter 12 holds 148 sentences of The Serf, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Serf by Guy Thorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 148 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Serf?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Serf

Common questions about reading The Serf by Guy Thorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Serf?

Yes. All 3706 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41829 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Serf is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41829, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Serf take to read?

About 308 minutes of reading across 742 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Serf section by section

How to work through The Serf section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of The Serf to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Serf

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Serf, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cause
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fenno
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Serf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.