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The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence
The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence is here in full — 208 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence
Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.
While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.
Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.
"Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.
"Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence is here in full — 208 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.
/ðen bɪˈɡæn ə ˈterəbəl ˈɑːbstənət ˈstrʌɡəl əˈɡenst ðə ˈdeɪndʒərz ˈθretənd baɪ ðə ˈeləmənts ʌv ˈneɪtʃər/
Line 2
While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.
Line 3
Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.
/ɔːlˈredi hiː hæd əˈproʊtʃt ðə ˈfɑːrmhaʊs nɪr ɪˈnʌf tuː siː dɪˈstɪŋktli ðə ənˈfɔːrtʃənət ˈfæməli ˈklɪŋɪŋ tuː ðə ruːf wen æn ɪˈnɔːrməs stæk ʌv strɔː ˈkærid baɪ ðə ˈwɔːtərz ədˈvænst ɑːn ðə raɪt ʌv ðə boʊt wɪtʃ priˈzentɪd tuː ðə ˈɑːbstəkəl ɪts bredθ ɪn ˈkʌtɪŋ ðə ˈkɜːrənt/
Line 4
"Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.
/ˈdʌbəl jɔːr stroʊks ˈfredrɪk kraɪd ˈdeɪvɪd/
Line 5
"Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."
/ˈkɜːrədʒ let ʌs əˈvɔɪd ðæt stæk ʌv strɔː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breadth noun US /bredθ/

the capacity to understand a broad range of topics

From this reading “Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.”

emulation noun US /ˌemjəˈleɪʃən/

ambition to equal or excel

From this reading “While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.”

farmhouse noun US /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading “Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.”

obstacle noun US /ˈɑːbstəkəl/

something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted

From this reading “Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.”

rowed verb US /roʊd/

past form of “row” — propel with oars

From this reading “While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.”

shocks noun US /ʃɑːks/

plural of “shock” — the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading “While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.”

stack noun US /stæk/

an orderly pile

From this reading “Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.”

strokes noun US /stroʊks/

plural of “stroke” — (sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading “"Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

struggle against verb + particle

In this reading “Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.”

unfortunate family adjective + noun

In this reading “Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.”

at the sight preposition + article + noun counted as “at … sight”

In this reading “While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

addressverbUS /ˈædres/

speak to

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

AlreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading "Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

boatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

breadthnounUS /bredθ/

the capacity to understand a broad range of topics

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

canoenounUS /kəˈnuː/

small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

clingingverbUS /ˈklɪŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “cling” — come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

CouragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading "Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading "Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

cuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

dangersnounUS /ˈdeɪndʒərz/

plural of “danger” — the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

distinctlyadverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋktli/

clear to the mind; with distinct mental discernment

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

DoubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading "Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

emulationnounUS /ˌemjəˈleɪʃən/

ambition to equal or excel

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

farmhousenounUS /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

FredericknounUS /ˈfredrɪk/

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

generousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

guardedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

incredibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkredəbəl/

beyond belief or understanding

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading "Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

marquisnounUS /ˌmɑːrˈkiː/

humorist who wrote about the imaginary life of cockroaches (1878-1937)

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

marvellousadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːrvələs/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

obstaclenounUS /ˈɑːbstəkəl/

something immaterial that stands in the way and must be circumvented or surmounted

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

obstinateadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbstənət/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

over-excited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

rowedverbUS /roʊd/

past form of “row” — propel with oars

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

shocksnounUS /ʃɑːks/

plural of “shock” — the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

stacknounUS /stæk/

an orderly pile

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

strawnounUS /strɔː/

plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

strokesnounUS /stroʊks/

plural of “stroke” — (sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading "Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

threatenedadjectiveUS /ˈθretənd/

(of flora or fauna) likely in the near future to become endangered

From this reading Then began a terrible, obstinate struggle against the dangers threatened by the elements of nature.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Courage! let us avoid that stack of straw."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Already he had approached the farmhouse near enough to see distinctly the unfortunate family clinging to the roof, when an enormous stack of straw, carried by the waters, advanced on the right of the boat, which presented to the obstacle its breadth in cutting the current.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading While Frederick rowed with incredible energy, over-excited at the sight of the canoe of the marquis, on which from time to time he would cast a look of generous emulation, David, sitting in front of the boat, guarded it from shocks with an address and presence of mind which was marvellous.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Double your strokes, Frederick!" cried David.

Chapter 20 of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence by Eugène Sue holds 208 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence contain?

Chapter 20 holds 208 sentences of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence by Eugène Sue exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 208 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence by Eugène Sue on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 6375 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38142 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38142, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence take to read?

About 531 minutes of reading across 1275 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence section by section

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Vocabulary met early in The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tourist
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Blois
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brillant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Seven Cardinal Sins: Envy and Indolence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.