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The Shadow of the Czar
The Shadow of the Czar

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Shadow of the Czar is here in full — 188 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.
UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.
Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.
Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.
At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Shadow of the Czar

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Shadow of the Czar is here in full — 188 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.
/aɪˈtælɪk tekst ɪz dɪˈnoʊtəd baɪ ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz ənd boʊld tekst baɪ ˈiːkwəl saɪnz/
Line 2
UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.
Line 3
Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.
Line 4
Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.
Line 5
At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cambridge noun US /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading “UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.”

civilian noun US /səˈvɪljən/

a nonmilitary citizen

From this reading “Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.”

denoted verb US /dɪˈnoʊtəd/

past form of “denote” — be a sign or indication of

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.”

Italic noun US /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.”

Majesty's noun US /ˈmædʒəstiz/

possessive form of “majesty” — impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading “Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.”

opens noun US /ˈoʊpənz/

plural of “open” — a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water

From this reading “At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.”

underscores noun US /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

unused adjective US /əˈnjuːzd/

not yet used or soiled

From this reading “Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

active service adjective + noun

In this reading “Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.”

seemed likely verb + adjective counted as “seem likely”

In this reading “At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.”

much preferred adverb + adjective

In this reading “Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.”

at night preposition + noun

In this reading “Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.”

At the time preposition + article + noun counted as “at … time”

simultaneously

In this reading “At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

bellenounUS /bel/

a young woman who is the most charming and beautiful of several rivals

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

Britannicadjective

of Britain

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

CAMBRIDGEnounUS /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

civiliannounUS /səˈvɪljən/

a nonmilitary citizen

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

cloaknounUS /kloʊk/

anything that covers or conceals

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

Cressingham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

Dalmatianoun

a historical region of Croatia on the Adriatic Sea; mountainous with many islands

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

denotedverbUS /dɪˈnoʊtəd/

past form of “denote” — be a sign or indication of

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

four-posternoun

a bed with posts at the four corners that can be used to support a canopy or curtains

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

ItalicnounUS /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

Majesty'snounUS /ˈmædʒəstiz/

possessive form of “majesty” — impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

NeverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

opensnounUS /ˈoʊpənz/

plural of “open” — a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

pine-forest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

preferredadjectiveUS /prəˈfɜːrd/

more desirable than another

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

PRESSverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

procurableadjective

capable of being obtained

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

sleepingnounUS /ˈsliːpɪŋ/

the state of being asleep

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

slumbers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

SONnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

UnounUS /juː/

a base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

underscoresnounUS /ˌʌndərˈskɔːrz/

plural of “underscore” — a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter)

From this reading Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal signs=.

UNIVERSITYnounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

unusedadjectiveUS /əˈnjuːzd/

not yet used or soiled

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

wanderingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːndərɪŋ/

migratory

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

weaknessnounUS /ˈwiːknəs/

a flaw or weak point

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading Nevertheless he had a civilian weakness, if not for luxury, at least for comfort, and much preferred a four-poster, whenever the same was procurable.

WILSONnounUS /ˈwɪlsən/

author of the first novel by an African American that was published in the United States (1808-1870)

From this reading UNIVERSITY PRESS · JOHN WILSON AND SON · CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

wrapt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Paul Cressingham, captain in Her Britannic Majesty's army, had seen some active service, and was therefore not unused to sleeping on the ground at night wrapt in his military cloak.

à

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

étoile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the time, however, when this story opens it seemed likely that if he slept at all, his slumbers would have to be _à la belle étoile_, for he found himself late at night wandering in a deep pine-forest of Dalmatia.

Chapter 1 of The Shadow of the Czar by John R. Carling holds 188 sentences, grouped into 38 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Shadow of the Czar contain?

Chapter 1 holds 188 sentences of The Shadow of the Czar, unabridged, divided into 38 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Shadow of the Czar by John R. Carling exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 188 sentences, grouped into 38 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Shadow of the Czar?

Work through the 38 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 38 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Shadow of the Czar

Common questions about reading The Shadow of the Czar by John R. Carling on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Shadow of the Czar?

Yes. All 7118 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40945 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Shadow of the Czar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40945, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Shadow of the Czar take to read?

About 593 minutes of reading across 1424 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Shadow of the Czar section by section

How to work through The Shadow of the Czar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of The Shadow of the Czar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Shadow of the Czar

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Shadow of the Czar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Shadow of the Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Shadow of the Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Shadow of the Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Shadow of the Czar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.