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The shadow of the East
The shadow of the East

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The shadow of the East is here in full — 540 sentences across 108 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/108 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.
A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.
His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.
A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.
He swept them away impatiently from time to time.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The shadow of the East

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The shadow of the East is here in full — 540 sentences across 108 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/108 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.
/ɪn ə ˈlɪtəl tent pɪtʃt ɪn ðə mɪdst ʌv æn ˈærəb kæmp ɪn ðə ekˈstriːm saʊθ ʌv ˈsʌðərn ælˈdʒɪriə ˈkreɪvən sæt ˈraɪtɪŋ/
Line 2
A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.
/ə deɪ ʌv ˌɪnˈtens hiːt hæd bɪn səkˈsiːdɪd baɪ ə naɪt ˈerləs ənd ˈsʌfəkeɪtɪŋ ənd hiː wɑːz wet wɪð ˌpɜːrspərˈeɪʃən ðæt drɪpt frʌm hɪz ˈfɔːrhed ənd fɔːrmd ɪn ˈstɪki puːlz ˈʌndər hɪz hænd ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈraɪtɪŋ ləˈbɔːriəs ənd ˈdɪfəkəlt ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl ˌɪnˈdiːd ɪkˈsept fɔːr ðə ʃiːt ʌv ˈblɑːtɪŋ ˈpeɪpər ɑːn wɪtʃ hɪz ˈfɪŋɡərz ˈrestəd/
Line 3
His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.
Line 4
A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.
Line 5
He swept them away impatiently from time to time.
/hiː swept ðem əˈweɪ ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəntli frʌm taɪm tuː taɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

airless adjective US /ˈerləs/

lacking fresh air

From this reading “A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.”

Algeria noun US /ælˈdʒɪriə/

a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean Sea with a population that is predominantly Sunni Muslim; colonized by France in the 19th century but gained autonomy in the early 1960s

From this reading “In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.”

blotting verb US /ˈblɑːtɪŋ/

inflected form of “blot” — dry (ink) with blotting paper

From this reading “A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.”

clogged adjective US /klɔːɡd/

thickened or coalesced in soft thick lumps (such as clogs or clots)

From this reading “A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.”

dripped verb US /drɪpt/

inflected form of “drip” — fall in drops

From this reading “A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.”

immolating verb US /ˈɪməleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “immolate” — offer as a sacrifice by killing or by giving up to destruction

From this reading “A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.”

smeared verb US /smɪrd/

past form of “smear” — stain by smearing or daubing with a dirty substance

From this reading “A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.”

sticky adjective US /ˈstɪki/

having the sticky properties of an adhesive

From this reading “A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

airlessadjectiveUS /ˈerləs/

lacking fresh air

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

AlgerianounUS /ælˈdʒɪriə/

a republic in northwestern Africa on the Mediterranean Sea with a population that is predominantly Sunni Muslim; colonized by France in the 19th century but gained autonomy in the early 1960s

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

ArabnounUS /ˈærəb/

a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He swept them away impatiently from time to time.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

blottingverbUS /ˈblɑːtɪŋ/

inflected form of “blot” — dry (ink) with blotting paper

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

circledverbUS /ˈsɜːrkəld/

past form of “circle” — travel around something

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

cloggedadjectiveUS /klɔːɡd/

thickened or coalesced in soft thick lumps (such as clogs or clots)

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

clungverbUS /klʌŋ/

inflected form of “cling” — come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

CravenadjectiveUS /ˈkreɪvən/

lacking even the rudiments of courage; abjectly fearful

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

drippedverbUS /drɪpt/

inflected form of “drip” — fall in drops

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

eddying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

elbowsnounUS /ˈelboʊz/

plural of “elbow” — hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

fliesnounUS /flaɪz/

(theater) the space over the stage (out of view of the audience) used to store scenery (drop curtains)

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

foreheadnounUS /ˈfɔːrhed/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

immolatingverbUS /ˈɪməleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “immolate” — offer as a sacrifice by killing or by giving up to destruction

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

impatientlyadverbUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

with impatience; in an impatient manner

From this reading He swept them away impatiently from time to time.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

inknounUS /ɪŋk/

a liquid used for printing or writing or drawing

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

laboriousadjectiveUS /ləˈbɔːriəs/

characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

lampnounUS /læmp/

an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

limplyadverb

without rigidity

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

pennounUS /pen/

a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

perspirationnounUS /ˌpɜːrspərˈeɪʃən/

salty fluid secreted by sweat glands

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

pitchedadjectiveUS /pɪtʃt/

(of sound) set to a certain pitch or key; usually used as a combining form

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

poolsnounUS /puːlz/

plural of “pool” — an excavation that is (usually) filled with water

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

sheetnounUS /ʃiːt/

any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

sheetsnounUS /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

shirtnounUS /ʃɜːrt/

a garment worn on the upper half of the body

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

shouldersnounUS /ˈʃoʊldərz/

plural of “shoulder” — the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

silknounUS /sɪlk/

a fabric made from the fine threads produced by certain insect larvae

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

sleevesnounUS /sliːvz/

plural of “sleeve” — the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

smearedverbUS /smɪrd/

past form of “smear” — stain by smearing or daubing with a dirty substance

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

stickyadjectiveUS /ˈstɪki/

having the sticky properties of an adhesive

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

strewed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

suffocatingadjectiveUS /ˈsʌfəkeɪtɪŋ/

causing difficulty in breathing especially through lack of fresh air and presence of heat

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading He swept them away impatiently from time to time.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

tentnounUS /tent/

a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He swept them away impatiently from time to time.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

thicklyadverbUS /ˈθɪkli/

spoken with poor articulation as if with a thick tongue

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

throatnounUS /θroʊt/

The passage at the back of the mouth.

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He swept them away impatiently from time to time.

tinyadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪni/

very small

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading His thin silk shirt, widely open at the throat, the sleeves rolled up above his elbows, clung limply to his broad shoulders.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A day of intense heat had been succeeded by a night airless and suffocating, and he was wet with perspiration that dripped from his forehead and formed in sticky pools under his hand, making writing laborious and difficult, impossible indeed except for the sheet of blotting paper on which his fingers rested.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading In a little tent pitched in the midst of an Arab camp in the extreme south of Southern Algeria Craven sat writing.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading A multitude of tiny flies attracted by the light circled round the lamp eddying in the heat of the flame, immolating themselves, and falling thickly on the closely written sheets of paper that strewed the camp table, smeared the still wet ink and clogged his pen.

Chapter 8 of The shadow of the East by E. M. (Edith Maude) Hull holds 540 sentences, grouped into 108 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The shadow of the East contain?

Chapter 8 holds 540 sentences of The shadow of the East, unabridged, divided into 108 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The shadow of the East by E. M. (Edith Maude) Hull exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 540 sentences, grouped into 108 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The shadow of the East?

Work through the 108 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 108 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The shadow of the East

Common questions about reading The shadow of the East by E. M. (Edith Maude) Hull on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The shadow of the East?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The shadow of the East is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The shadow of the East take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The shadow of the East

Words and structures a reader meets early in The shadow of the East, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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