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The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon
The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?
The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.
Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.
* Sir T. Browne.
CHRISTMAS.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?
Line 2
The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.
Line 3
Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.
/ðʌs mæn ˈpæsəz əˈweɪ hɪz neɪm ˈpæsəz frʌm rəˈkɔːrd ənd ˌrekəˈlekʃən hɪz ˈhɪstəri ɪz æz ə teɪl ðæt ɪz toʊld ənd hɪz ˈveri ˈmɑːnjuːmənt bɪˈkʌmz ə ˈruːən/
Line 4
* Sir T. Browne.
/sɜːr tiː braʊn/
Line 5
CHRISTMAS.
/ˈkrɪsməs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Browne noun US /braʊn/

English illustrator of several of Dickens' novels (1815-1882)

From this reading “* Sir T. Browne.”

ensure verb US /enˈʃʊr/

make certain of

From this reading “What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?”

garish adjective US /ˈɡerɪʃ/

tastelessly showy

From this reading “The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.”

hoot noun US /huːt/

a loud raucous cry (as of an owl)

From this reading “The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.”

mightier adjective US /ˈmaɪtiər/

comparative of “mighty” — having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading “What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?”

sunbeam noun US /ˈsʌnbiːm/

a ray of sunlight

From this reading “The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.”

twine verb US /twaɪn/

spin, wind, or twist together

From this reading “The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.”

urn noun US /ɜːrn/

a large vase that usually has a pedestal or feet

From this reading “The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

archesnounUS /ˈɑːrtʃəz/

plural of “arch” — a curved shape in the vertical plane that spans an opening

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

blossomsnounUS /ˈblɑːsəmz/

plural of “blossom” — reproductive organ of angiosperm plants especially one having showy or colorful parts

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

BrownenounUS /braʊn/

English illustrator of several of Dickens' novels (1815-1882)

From this reading * Sir T. Browne.

CHRISTMASnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading CHRISTMAS.

columnnounUS /ˈkɑːləm/

a line of units following one after another

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

ensureverbUS /enˈʃʊr/

make certain of

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

fox-glove

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

garishadjectiveUS /ˈɡerɪʃ/

tastelessly showy

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

gildedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪldɪd/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

hangverbUS /hæŋ/

be suspended or hanging

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

hootnounUS /huːt/

a loud raucous cry (as of an owl)

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

ivynounUS /ˈaɪvi/

Old World vine with lobed evergreen leaves and black berrylike fruits

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

lieverbUS /laɪ/

be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

loftilyadverb

in a lofty manner

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

mansionsnounUS /ˈmæntʃənz/

plural of “mansion” — (astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

mausoleums

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

melodynounUS /ˈmelədi/

a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

mightieradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪtiər/

comparative of “mighty” — having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

mockerynounUS /ˈmɑːkəri/

showing your contempt by derision

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

namelessadjectiveUS /ˈneɪm.ləs/

Having no name, or having a name that is kept secret or unknown.

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

owlnounUS /aʊl/

nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

passesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

pilenounUS /paɪl/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

praisenounUS /preɪz/

an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

recollectionnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃən/

the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

rubbishnounUS /ˈrʌbɪʃ/

worthless material that is to be disposed of

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

sharingnounUS /ˈʃerɪŋ/

using or enjoying something jointly with others

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

shatteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading * Sir T. Browne.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

sunbeamnounUS /ˈsʌnbiːm/

a ray of sunlight

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

TnounUS /tiː/

a base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading * Sir T. Browne.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

twineverbUS /twaɪn/

spin, wind, or twist together

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

urnnounUS /ɜːrn/

a large vase that usually has a pedestal or feet

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

vaultsnounUS /vɔːlts/

plural of “vault” — a burial chamber (usually underground)

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Thus man passes away; his name passes from record and recollection; his history is as a tale that is told, and his very monument becomes a ruin.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading What then is to ensure this pile which now towers above me from sharing the fate of mightier mausoleums?

whistleverbUS /ˈwɪsəl/

make whistling sounds

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The time must come when its gilded vaults which now spring so loftily, shall lie in rubbish beneath the feet; when instead of the sound of melody and praise the wind shall whistle through the broken arches and the owl hoot from the shattered tower; when the garish sunbeam shall break into these gloomy mansions of death, and the ivy twine round the fallen column; and the fox-glove hang its blossoms about the nameless urn, as if in mockery of the dead.

Chapter 19 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon by Washington Irving holds 114 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon contain?

Chapter 19 holds 114 sentences of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 114 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Common questions about reading The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon?

Yes. All 4215 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2048 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2048, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon take to read?

About 351 minutes of reading across 843 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sketch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Geoffrey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crayon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.