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The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon
The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

Chapter 27 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
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After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.
I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.
The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.
The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.
The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Chapter XXVII · Chapter 27

Chapter 27 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.
Line 2
I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.
Line 3
The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.
Line 4
The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.
/ðə ˈsiːlɪŋ ɪz ɑːrtʃt ənd ˈlɔːfti ənd æt wʌn end ɪz ə ˈɡæləri ɪn wɪtʃ stændz æn ˈɔːrɡən/
Line 5
The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.
/ðə ˈwepənz ənd ˈtroʊfiz ʌv ðə tʃeɪs wɪtʃ ˈfɔːrmərli əˈdɔːrnd ðə hɔːl ʌv ə ˈkʌntri ˈdʒentəlmən hæv meɪd weɪ fɔːr ˈfæməli ˈpɔːrtrəts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alterations noun US /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “alteration” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading “The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.”

lateral adjective US /ˈlætərəl/

situated at or extending to the side

From this reading “After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.”

modes noun US /moʊdz/

plural of “mode” — how something is done or how it happens

From this reading “The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.”

portal noun US /ˈpɔːrtəl/

a grand and imposing entrance (often extended metaphorically)

From this reading “After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.”

prowling verb US /ˈpraʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “prowl” — move about in or as if in a predatory manner

From this reading “After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.”

retains verb US /rɪˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “retain” — hold back within

From this reading “The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.”

trophies noun US /ˈtroʊfiz/

plural of “trophy” — an award for success in war or hunting

From this reading “The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.”

undergone verb US /ˌʌndərˈɡɔːn/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading “The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

adaptedadjectiveUS /əˈdæptɪd/

changed in order to improve or made more fit for a particular purpose

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

adornedadjectiveUS /əˈdɔːrnd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

alterationsnounUS /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “alteration” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

archedadjectiveUS /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

ceilingnounUS /ˈsiːlɪŋ/

the overhead upper surface of a covered space

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

chaseverbUS /tʃeɪs/

go after with the intent to catch

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

civilitynounUS /səˈvɪləti/

formal or perfunctory politeness

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

communicativenessnoun

the trait of being communicative

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

courteouslyadverb

in a polite manner

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

every-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

featurenounUS /ˈfiːtʃər/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

formerlyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrmərli/

at a previous time

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

gallerynounUS /ˈɡæləri/

spectators at a golf or tennis match

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

housekeepernounUS /ˈhaʊskiːpər/

a servant who is employed to perform domestic task in a household

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

lateraladjectiveUS /ˈlætərəl/

situated at or extending to the side

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

manor-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

mansionnounUS /ˈmænʃən/

(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

modesnounUS /moʊdz/

plural of “mode” — how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

oakenadjective

consisting of or made of wood of the oak tree

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

organnounUS /ˈɔːrɡən/

a fully differentiated structural and functional unit in an animal that is specialized for some particular function

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

portalnounUS /ˈpɔːrtəl/

a grand and imposing entrance (often extended metaphorically)

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

portraitsnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrəts/

plural of “portrait” — a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

prowlingverbUS /ˈpraʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “prowl” — move about in or as if in a predatory manner

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

retainsverbUS /rɪˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “retain” — hold back within

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

staircasenounUS /ˈsterkeɪs/

a way of access (upward and downward) consisting of a set of steps

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading The ceiling is arched and lofty, and at one end is a gallery in which stands an organ.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

tastesnounUS /teɪsts/

plural of “taste” — the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

trophiesnounUS /ˈtroʊfiz/

plural of “trophy” — an award for success in war or hunting

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

undergoneverbUS /ˌʌndərˈɡɔːn/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading The greater part has undergone alterations and been adapted to modern tastes and modes of living: there is a fine old oaken staircase, and the great hall, that noble feature in an ancient manor-house, still retains much of the appearance it must have had in the days of Shakespeare.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

weaponsnounUS /ˈwepənz/

plural of “weapon” — any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

From this reading The weapons and trophies of the chase, which formerly adorned the hall of a country gentleman, have made way for family portraits.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading After prowling about for some time, I at length found my way to a lateral portal, which was the every-day entrance to the mansion.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading I was courteously received by a worthy old housekeeper, who, with the civility and communicativeness of her order, showed me the interior of the house.

Chapter 27 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon by Washington Irving holds 124 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon contain?

Chapter 27 holds 124 sentences of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 124 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Common questions about reading The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon?

Yes. All 4215 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2048 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2048, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon take to read?

About 351 minutes of reading across 843 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon section by section

How to work through The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sketch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Geoffrey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crayon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.