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The Snowball Effect
The Snowball Effect

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Snowball Effect is here in full — 330 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Snowball Effect
Context Illustration Reading 1/66 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!
"All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"
Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.
On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.
I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Snowball Effect

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Snowball Effect is here in full — 330 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/66 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!
Line 2
"All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"
/ɔːl raɪt aɪ sed wʌt ɪz ˌsoʊsiˈɑːlədʒi ɡʊd fɔːr/
Line 3
Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.
Line 4
On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.
Line 5
I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.
/aɪ hæd bɪn əˈpɔɪntɪd diːn ənd ˈprezədent tuː siː tuː ɪt ðæt ðə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti meɪd ˈmʌni/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chew verb US /tʃuː/

chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth

From this reading “Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.”

documents noun US /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading “On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.”

drives noun US /draɪvz/

plural of “drive” — the act of applying force to propel something

From this reading “Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!”

framed adjective US /freɪmd/

provided with a frame

From this reading “On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.”

papered verb US /ˈpeɪpərd/

past form of “paper” — cover with paper

From this reading “On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.”

sociology noun US /ˌsoʊsiˈɑːlədʒi/

the study and classification of human societies

From this reading “"All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"”

Tack verb US /tæk/

fasten with tacks

From this reading “Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!”

Wilton noun US /ˈwɪltən/

a carpet woven on a Jacquard loom with loops like a Brussels carpet but having the loops cut to form a close velvety pile

From this reading “Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sewing circle noun + noun

In this reading “Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!”

mad enough adjective + noun

In this reading “Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

Caswell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

chewverbUS /tʃuː/

chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

darndest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

deannounUS /diːn/

an administrator in charge of a division of a university or college

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

degreesnounUS /dɪˈɡriːz/

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

DepartmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

didn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

documentsnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

drivesnounUS /draɪvz/

plural of “drive” — the act of applying force to propel something

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

framedadjectiveUS /freɪmd/

provided with a frame

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

madadjectiveUS /mæd/

roused to anger

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

messnounUS /mes/

a state of confusion and disorderliness

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

nailsnounUS /neɪlz/

plural of “nail” — horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

needlenounUS /ˈniːdəl/

the leaf of a conifer

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

paperedverbUS /ˈpeɪpərd/

past form of “paper” — cover with paper

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

PhnounUS /ˈpiːˈeɪtʃ/

(from potential of Hydrogen) the logarithm of the reciprocal of hydrogen-ion concentration in gram atoms per liter

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

presidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

sewingnounUS /ˈsoʊɪŋ/

joining or attaching by stitches

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

sociologynounUS /ˌsoʊsiˈɑːlədʒi/

the study and classification of human societies

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

TackverbUS /tæk/

fasten with tacks

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

universitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading I had been appointed dean and president to see to it that the university made money.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "All right," I said, "what _is_ sociology good for?"

WiltonnounUS /ˈwɪltən/

a carpet woven on a Jacquard loom with loops like a Brussels carpet but having the loops cut to form a close velvety pile

From this reading Wilton Caswell, Ph.D., was head of my Sociology Department, and right then he was mad enough to chew nails.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the office wall behind him were three or four framed documents in Latin that were supposed to be signs of great learning, but I didn't care at that moment if he papered the walls with his degrees.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Tack power drives on a sewing circle and you can needle the world into the darndest mess!

Chapter 1 of The Snowball Effect by Katherine MacLean holds 330 sentences, grouped into 66 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Snowball Effect contain?

Chapter 1 holds 330 sentences of The Snowball Effect, unabridged, divided into 66 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Snowball Effect by Katherine MacLean exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 330 sentences, grouped into 66 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Snowball Effect?

Work through the 66 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 66 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Snowball Effect

Common questions about reading The Snowball Effect by Katherine MacLean on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Snowball Effect?

Yes. All 330 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50766 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Snowball Effect is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50766, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Snowball Effect take to read?

About 27 minutes of reading across 66 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Snowball Effect section by section

How to work through The Snowball Effect section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of The Snowball Effect to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Snowball Effect

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Snowball Effect, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Power
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Snowball Effect; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Drives
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Snowball Effect; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sewing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Snowball Effect; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Circle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Snowball Effect; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.