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The Son of a Servant
The Son of a Servant

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Son of a Servant is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
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AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.
_From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.
In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.
And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.
In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Son of a Servant

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Son of a Servant is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.
Line 2
_From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.
Line 3
In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.
Line 4
And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.
Line 5
In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.
/ɪn moʊst ˈprɑːvənsəz ʌv laɪf ˈʌðər ðæn ðə ˌkɑːmpriˈhenʃən ʌv ˈaʊər ˈfeloʊz ðə ɑːrt ʌv ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ ɪz ˈmeɪkɪŋ ɡreɪt ˈprɑːɡres/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autobiographical adjective US /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading “In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.”

biography noun US /baɪˈɑːɡrəfi/

an account of the series of events making up a person's life

From this reading “_From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.”

comprehension noun US /ˌkɑːmpriˈhenʃən/

an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)

From this reading “In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.”

inferno noun US /ˌɪnˈfɜːrnoʊ/

any place of pain and turmoil

From this reading “AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.”

portrays verb US /pɔːrˈtreɪz/

third-person singular of “portray” — portray in words

From this reading “In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.”

provinces noun US /ˈprɑːvənsəz/

plural of “province” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading “In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.”

statesman noun US /ˈsteɪtsmən/

a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading “_From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.”

zones noun US /zoʊnz/

plural of “zone” — a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features

From this reading “AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

own Judgment verb + noun

In this reading “In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.”

for example preposition + noun

as an example

In this reading “In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1886

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

1896

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

adoptedadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

amazingadjectiveUS /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/

surprising greatly

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

attitudenounUS /ˈætətuːd/

a complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

autobiographicaladjectiveUS /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

biographynounUS /baɪˈɑːɡrəfi/

an account of the series of events making up a person's life

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

candournoun

the quality of being honest and straightforward in attitude and speech

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

cardinalnounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəl/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

comprehensionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpriˈhenʃən/

an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

DaynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

fellowsnounUS /ˈfeloʊz/

plural of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

INFERNOnounUS /ˌɪnˈfɜːrnoʊ/

any place of pain and turmoil

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

JudgmentnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/

an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

latelyadverbUS /ˈleɪtli/

in the recent past

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

portraysverbUS /pɔːrˈtreɪz/

third-person singular of “portray” — portray in words

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

prefacenounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

provincesnounUS /ˈprɑːvənsəz/

plural of “province” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

PublicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

self-revelation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

ServantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

SonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

SPIRITnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

statesmannounUS /ˈsteɪtsmən/

a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

Strindberg's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _From the Publication of "The Son of a Servant" to "The Inferno"_ (1886-1896) A celebrated statesman is said to have described the biography of a cardinal as being like the Judgment Day.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading In most provinces of life other than the comprehension of our fellows, the art of understanding is making great progress.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading And as his works have come but lately before the great British public, it may be well to consider what attitude should be adopted towards the amazing candour of his self-revelation.

writingsnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading In reading August Strindberg's autobiographical writings, as, for example, his _Inferno_, and the book for which this study is a preface, we must remember that he portrays his own Judgment Day.

ZONESnounUS /zoʊnz/

plural of “zone” — a locally circumscribed place characterized by some distinctive features

From this reading AUTHOR OF "THE INFERNO," "ZONES OF THE SPIRIT," ETC.

Chapter 1 of The Son of a Servant by August Strindberg holds 449 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Son of a Servant contain?

Chapter 1 holds 449 sentences of The Son of a Servant, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Son of a Servant by August Strindberg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 449 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Son of a Servant?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Son of a Servant

Common questions about reading The Son of a Servant by August Strindberg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Son of a Servant?

Yes. All 3436 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44109 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Son of a Servant is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44109, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Son of a Servant take to read?

About 286 minutes of reading across 688 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Son of a Servant section by section

How to work through The Son of a Servant section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of The Son of a Servant to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Son of a Servant

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Son of a Servant, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Son of a Servant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Inferno
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Son of a Servant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Zones
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Son of a Servant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spirit
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Son of a Servant; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.