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The Song of Hiawatha
The Song of Hiawatha

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Song of Hiawatha is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Song of Hiawatha
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?
Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?
Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!
No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!
Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Song of Hiawatha

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Song of Hiawatha is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?
Line 2
Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?
Line 3
Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!
/jes ɪt ɪz ðə sʌn dɪˈsendɪŋ ˈsɪŋkɪŋ daʊn ˈɪntuː ðə ˈwɔːtər ɔːl ðə skaɪ ɪz steɪnd wɪð ˈpɜːrpəl ɔːl ðə ˈwɔːtər flʌʃt wɪð ˈkrɪmzən/
Line 4
No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!
Line 5
Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Diving noun US /ˈdaɪvɪŋ/

an athletic competition that involves diving into water

From this reading “No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!”

Hangs noun US /hæŋz/

plural of “hang” — a special way of doing something

From this reading “Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.”

Melts noun US /melts/

plural of “melt” — the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading “Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.”

plumage noun US /ˈpluːmədʒ/

the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading “Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?”

splendor noun US /ˈsplen.dər/

Magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur and brilliance.

From this reading “Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?”

stained adjective US /steɪnd/

marked or dyed or discolored with foreign matter

From this reading “Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!”

Staining noun US /ˈsteɪnɪŋ/

(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study

From this reading “Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?”

Swan verb US /swɑːn/

to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

From this reading “Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

arrownounUS /ˈæroʊ/

a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

Canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

crimsonadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmzən/

of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

descendingadjectiveUS /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

DivingnounUS /ˈdaɪvɪŋ/

an athletic competition that involves diving into water

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

EveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

FillingnounUS /ˈfɪlɪŋ/

any material that fills a space or container

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

floatingadjectiveUS /ˈfloʊtɪŋ/

borne up by or suspended in a liquid

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

flushedadjectiveUS /flʌʃt/

having the pinkish flush of health

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

HangsnounUS /hæŋz/

plural of “hang” — a special way of doing something

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

life-blood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

liftedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪftəd/

held up in the air

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

magicnounUS /ˈmædʒɪk/

any art that invokes supernatural powers

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

MeltsnounUS /melts/

plural of “melt” — the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

O'eradverb

throughout a period of time

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

OverprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

plumagenounUS /ˈpluːmədʒ/

the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

purplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

RednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

reddenedadjective

(especially of the face) reddened or suffused with or as if with blood from emotion or exertion

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

SinkingnounUS /ˈsɪŋkɪŋ/

a descent as through liquid (especially through water)

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

splendornounUS /ˈsplen.dər/

Magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur and brilliance.

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

stainedadjectiveUS /steɪnd/

marked or dyed or discolored with foreign matter

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

StainingnounUS /ˈsteɪnɪŋ/

(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

StarnounUS /stɑːr/

(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

suspendedadjectiveUS /səˈspendɪd/

(of undissolved particles in a fluid) supported or kept from sinking or falling by buoyancy and without apparent attachment

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

SwanverbUS /swɑːn/

to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

tremblesnoun

disease of livestock and especially cattle poisoned by eating certain kinds of snakeroot

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

twilightnounUS /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading Over it the Star of Evening Melts and trembles through the purple, Hangs suspended in the twilight.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Can it be the sun descending O’er the level plain of water?

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

wingsnounUS /wɪŋz/

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading No; it is the Red Swan floating, Diving down beneath the water; To the sky its wings are lifted, With its blood the waves are reddened!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

WoundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading Or the Red Swan floating, flying, Wounded by the magic arrow, Staining all the waves with crimson, With the crimson of its life-blood, Filling all the air with splendor, With the splendor of its plumage?

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading Yes; it is the sun descending, Sinking down into the water; All the sky is stained with purple, All the water flushed with crimson!

Chapter 8 of The Song of Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Song of Hiawatha contain?

Chapter 8 holds 76 sentences of The Song of Hiawatha, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Song of Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Song of Hiawatha?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Song of Hiawatha

Common questions about reading The Song of Hiawatha by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Song of Hiawatha?

Yes. All 1044 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Song of Hiawatha is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Song of Hiawatha take to read?

About 87 minutes of reading across 209 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Song of Hiawatha section by section

How to work through The Song of Hiawatha section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of The Song of Hiawatha to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Song of Hiawatha

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Song of Hiawatha, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introductory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Hiawatha; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Hiawatha; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peace-pipe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Hiawatha; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Winds
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Hiawatha; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.