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The Song of Songs
The Song of Songs

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Song of Songs is here in full — 361 sentences across 73 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Song of Songs
Context Illustration Reading 1/72 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.
"Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.
An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.
No, she had not seen this person before.
Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Song of Songs

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Song of Songs is here in full — 361 sentences across 73 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/72 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.
/ðə ˈmɪddeɪ dɪˈsembər ˈsʌnlaɪt meɪd ðə hɪlt ʌv ə sɔːrd ənd ðə ˈbʌtənz ʌv ə ˈjuːnəfɔːrm ˈɡlɪtər ɪn ðə striːt ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/
Line 2
"Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.
Line 3
An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.
/æn ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs ˈstæmpɪŋ bɪˈfɔːr ðə dɔːr ənd ðə bel ˈsaʊndɪd mɔːr ˈʃɑːrpli ðæn ˈjuːʒəwəl/
Line 4
No, she had not seen this person before.
/noʊ ʃiː hæd nɑːt siːn ðɪs ˈpɜːrsən bɪˈfɔːr/
Line 5
Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clanking adjective US /ˈklæŋkɪŋ/

having a hard nonresonant metallic sound

From this reading “"Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.”

frivolous adjective US /ˈfrɪvələs/

not serious in content or attitude or behavior

From this reading “Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.”

glitter noun US /ˈɡlɪtər/

the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading “The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.”

hilt noun US /hɪlt/

the handle of a sword or dagger

From this reading “The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.”

imperious adj US /ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs/

Assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. (Hách dịch, độc đoán, kiêu kỳ.)

From this reading “An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.”

midday noun US /ˈmɪddeɪ/

the middle of the day

From this reading “The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.”

stamping verb US /ˈstæmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading “An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.”

unfamiliar adjective US /ˌʌnfəˈmɪljər/

not known or well known

From this reading “"Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

bell sounded noun + noun counted as “bell sound”

In this reading “An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.”

young lieutenant adjective + noun

In this reading “Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.”

in the street preposition + article + noun counted as “in … street”

In this reading “The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.”

before the door preposition + article + noun counted as “before … door”

In this reading “An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

bellnounUS /bel/

a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

bull-necked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

buttonsnounUS /ˈbʌtənz/

plural of “button” — a round fastener sewn to shirts and coats etc to fit through buttonholes

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

clankingadjectiveUS /ˈklæŋkɪŋ/

having a hard nonresonant metallic sound

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

frivolousadjectiveUS /ˈfrɪvələs/

not serious in content or attitude or behavior

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

glitternounUS /ˈɡlɪtər/

the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

hiltnounUS /hɪlt/

the handle of a sword or dagger

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

imperiousadjUS /ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs/

Assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. (Hách dịch, độc đoán, kiêu kỳ.)

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

lieutenantnounUS /luːˈtenənt/

a commissioned military officer

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

Lilly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

maturer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

middaynounUS /ˈmɪddeɪ/

the middle of the day

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

shyverbUS /ʃaɪ/

start suddenly, as from fright

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

soundedverbUS /ˈsaʊndɪd/

past form of “sound” — appear in a certain way

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

stampingverbUS /ˈstæmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

sunlightnounUS /ˈsʌnlaɪt/

the rays of the sun

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

terracenounUS /ˈterəs/

usually paved outdoor area adjoining a residence

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading No, she had not seen this person before.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

unfamiliaradjectiveUS /ˌʌnfəˈmɪljər/

not known or well known

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

uniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading The midday December sunlight made the hilt of a sword and the buttons of a uniform glitter in the street outside.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

uprightadjectiveUS /əˈpraɪt/

in a vertical position; not sloping

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading An imperious stamping before the door, and the bell sounded more sharply than usual.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Some one fresh," Lilly thought, for the upright bull-necked figure of the man clanking up the terrace steps was unfamiliar to her.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Here was no frivolous young lieutenant, nor one of the maturer officers, who were on their dignity till the first shy smile told them how far they might go.

Chapter 10 of The Song of Songs by Hermann Sudermann holds 361 sentences, grouped into 73 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Song of Songs contain?

Chapter 10 holds 361 sentences of The Song of Songs, unabridged, divided into 73 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Song of Songs by Hermann Sudermann exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 361 sentences, grouped into 73 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Song of Songs?

Work through the 73 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 73 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Song of Songs

Common questions about reading The Song of Songs by Hermann Sudermann on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Song of Songs?

Yes. All 10680 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34361 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Song of Songs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34361, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Song of Songs take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2136 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Song of Songs section by section

How to work through The Song of Songs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Song of Songs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Song of Songs

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Song of Songs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Diphthong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Third
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Song of Songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.