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The Spanish Tragedie
The Spanish Tragedie

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Spanish Tragedie is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Spanish Tragedie
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.
This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.
Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.
However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.
As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Spanish Tragedie

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Spanish Tragedie is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.
Line 2
This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.
Line 3
Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.
Line 4
However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.
Line 5
As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alternatives noun US /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪvz/

plural of “alternative” — one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen

From this reading “As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.”

electronic adjective US /ˌɪlekˈtrɑːnɪk/

of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons

From this reading “This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.”

extant adjective US /ˈekstənt/

still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost

From this reading “This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.”

footnoted verb US /ˈfʊtnoʊtɪd/

past form of “footnote” — add explanatory notes to or supply with critical comments

From this reading “As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.”

footnotes noun US /ˈfʊtnoʊts/

plural of “footnote” — a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading “However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.”

specificity noun US /ˌspesəˈfɪsəti/

the quality of being specific rather than general

From this reading “As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.”

undated adjective US /ˌʌnˈdeɪtɪd/

not bearing a date

From this reading “This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.”

verbatim adjective US /vərˈbeɪtəm/

in precisely the same words used by a writer or speaker

From this reading “Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1618

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

1897

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

alternateadjectiveUS /ˈɔːltərnət/

every second one of a series

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

alternativesnounUS /ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪvz/

plural of “alternative” — one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

audiencenounUS /ˈɑːdiəns/

a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

bracketed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading [Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

cleareradjectiveUS /ˈklɪrər/

comparative of “clear” — readily apparent to the mind

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

EditedadjectiveUS /ˈedətəd/

improved or corrected by critical editing

From this reading [Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

editionsnounUS /ɪˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “edition” — the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

editornounUS /ˈedətər/

a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

electronicadjectiveUS /ˌɪlekˈtrɑːnɪk/

of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

extantadjectiveUS /ˈekstənt/

still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

favorverbUS /ˈfeɪvər/

promote over another

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

footnotedverbUS /ˈfʊtnoʊtɪd/

past form of “footnote” — add explanatory notes to or supply with critical comments

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

footnotesnounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊts/

plural of “footnote” — a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading [Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.

ManlyadjectiveUS /ˈmænli/

possessing qualities befitting a man

From this reading [Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.

Manly's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.

MatthewsnounUS /ˈmæθjuːz/

plural of “matthew” — (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally considered to be the author of the first Gospel

From this reading [Edited by John Matthews Manly, 1897.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

originallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

sacrificingverbUS /ˈsækrəfaɪsɪŋ/

-ing form of “sacrifice” — endure the loss of

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

specificitynounUS /ˌspesəˈfɪsəti/

the quality of being specific rather than general

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

suppliedverbUS /səˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading However, some bracketed text is taken from alternate editions which Manly originally supplied in footnotes.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

undatedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈdeɪtɪd/

not bearing a date

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading As the editor of this electronic edition, I have sometimes chosen the clearer of two alternatives, sacrificing the specificity of Manly's footnoted edition in favor of a text that has a better chance of being read and understood by a modern audience.

verbatimadjectiveUS /vərˈbeɪtəm/

in precisely the same words used by a writer or speaker

From this reading Some bracketed text is verbatim from Manly's edition.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This electronic text is based on the earliest extant edition, which is undated but was printed before 1618.

Chapter 1 of The Spanish Tragedie by Thomas Kyd holds 397 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Spanish Tragedie contain?

Chapter 1 holds 397 sentences of The Spanish Tragedie, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Spanish Tragedie by Thomas Kyd exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 397 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Spanish Tragedie?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Spanish Tragedie

Common questions about reading The Spanish Tragedie by Thomas Kyd on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Spanish Tragedie?

Yes. All 2302 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6043 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Spanish Tragedie is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6043, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Spanish Tragedie take to read?

About 191 minutes of reading across 461 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Spanish Tragedie section by section

How to work through The Spanish Tragedie section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of The Spanish Tragedie to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Spanish Tragedie

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Spanish Tragedie, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spanish Tragedie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Matthews
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spanish Tragedie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Manly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spanish Tragedie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Electronic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spanish Tragedie; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.