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The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3
The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 is here in full — 901 sentences across 181 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/180 · 5 lines
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We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.
Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.
This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.
Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.
In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 is here in full — 901 sentences across 181 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/180 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.
/wiː ɑːr toʊld ðæt ðə ˈspɑːrtənz ðoʊ ðeɪ ˈpʌnɪʃt θeft ɪn ðer jʌŋ men wen ɪt wɑːz dɪˈskʌvərd lʊkt əˈpɑːn ɪt æz ˈɑːnərəbəl ɪf ɪt səkˈsiːdɪd/
Line 2
Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.
/prəˈvaɪdɪd ðə kənˈveɪəns wɑːz kliːn ənd ˌʌnsəˈspektɪd ə juːθ maɪt ˈæftərwərdz boʊst ʌv ɪt/
Line 3
This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.
Line 4
Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.
Line 5
In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Academicians noun US /ˌækədəˈmɪʃənz/

plural of “academician” — someone elected to honorary membership in an academy

From this reading “In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.”

Founder noun US /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading “Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.”

Historians noun US /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading “This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.”

Negotiations noun US /nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “negotiation” — a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading “This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.”

Seminary noun US /ˈseməneri/

a private place of education for the young

From this reading “Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.”

Spartans noun US /ˈspɑːrtənz/

plural of “spartan” — a resident of Sparta

From this reading “We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.”

tho noun US /ðoʊ/

a branch of the Tai languages

From this reading “We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.”

unsuspected adjective US /ˌʌnsəˈspektɪd/

not suspected or believed likely

From this reading “Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

AcademiciansnounUS /ˌækədəˈmɪʃənz/

plural of “academician” — someone elected to honorary membership in an academy

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

boastverbUS /boʊst/

show off

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

BodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

cleanadjectiveUS /kliːn/

free from dirt or impurities; or having clean habits

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

CollegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

ConveyancenounUS /kənˈveɪəns/

document effecting a property transfer

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

Cæsar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

desprit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

discoververbUS /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

doughty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

FoundernounUS /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

hinderverbUS /ˈhɪndər/

be a hindrance or obstacle to

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

HistoriansnounUS /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

HonourableadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnərəbəl/

worthy of being honored; entitled to honor and respect

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

imposedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzd/

set forth authoritatively as obligatory

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

jeux

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

Marius's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

MoralitynounUS /mərˈæləti/

concern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong; right or good conduct

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

NegotiationsnounUS /nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “negotiation” — a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

PoliticiansnounUS /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

ProvidedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

publick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

punishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌnɪʃt/

subjected to a penalty (as pain or shame or restraint or loss) for an offense or fault or in order to coerce some behavior (as a confession or obedience)

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

Relaxations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

SeminarynounUS /ˈseməneri/

a private place of education for the young

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

SpartansnounUS /ˈspɑːrtənz/

plural of “spartan” — a resident of Sparta

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

StatesmennounUS /ˈsteɪtsmɪn/

plural of “statesman” — a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

Sylla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

TheftnounUS /θeft/

the act of taking something from someone unlawfully

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

thonounUS /ðoʊ/

a branch of the Tai languages

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This, say the Historians, was to keep them sharp, and to hinder them from being imposed upon, either in their publick or private Negotiations.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

Torcys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

unsuspectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnsəˈspektɪd/

not suspected or believed likely

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

WarningnounUS /ˈwɔːrnɪŋ/

a message informing of danger

From this reading In the mean time we have fair Warning given us by this doughty Body of Statesmen: and as Sylla saw many Marius's in Cæsar, so I think we may discover many Torcys in this College of Academicians.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

WisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading Whether any such Relaxations of Morality, such little jeux desprit, ought not to be allowed in this intended Seminary of Politicians, I shall leave to the Wisdom of their Founder.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading We are told, that the Spartans, tho they punished Theft in their young Men when it was discovered, looked upon it as Honourable if it succeeded.

YouthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading Provided the Conveyance was clean and unsuspected, a Youth might afterwards boast of it.

Chapter 19 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 by Joseph Addison holds 901 sentences, grouped into 181 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 contain?

Chapter 19 holds 901 sentences of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3, unabridged, divided into 181 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 by Joseph Addison exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 901 sentences, grouped into 181 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3?

Work through the 181 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 181 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Common questions about reading The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 by Joseph Addison on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3?

Yes. All 33306 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12030 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12030, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 6662 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 section by section

How to work through The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Price
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knight's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.