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The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3
The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 is here in full — 905 sentences across 181 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3
Context Illustration Reading 1/181 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
'--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'
Cic. de Div.
By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.
_SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.
If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 is here in full — 905 sentences across 181 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/181 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'
Line 2
Cic. de Div.
Line 3
By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.
Line 4
_SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.
Line 5
If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alteration noun US /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃən/

an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading “By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.”

Amendment noun US /əˈmendmənt/

the act of amending or correcting

From this reading “By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.”

Pythagoras noun US /ˌpɪθəˈɡɔːrɑːs/

Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC)

Scholars noun US /ˈskɑːlərz/

plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

From this reading “_SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.”

slipping adjective US /ˈslɪpɪŋ/

moving as on a slippery surface

From this reading “_SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.”

unawares adverb US /ˌʌnəˈwerz/

without forethought or plan; inadvertently

From this reading “_SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.”

Vices noun US /ˈvaɪsəz/

plural of “vice” — moral weakness

From this reading “_SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.”

vigilantes noun US /ˌvɪdʒəˈlæntiz/

plural of “vigilante” — member of a vigilance committee

From this reading “'--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

accidunt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

ActionsnounUS /ˈækʃənz/

plural of “action” — something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

AdditionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

AdvicenounUS /ædˈvaɪs/

a proposal for an appropriate course of action

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

agitantque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

agunt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

AlterationnounUS /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃən/

an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

AmendmentnounUS /əˈmendmənt/

the act of amending or correcting

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

Cic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cic. de Div.

cogitant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

ConditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

cuique

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

curant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

DaynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Cic. de Div.

discoververbUS /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

Div

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cic. de Div.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

eanoun

the Babylonian god of wisdom; son of Apsu and father of Marduk; counterpart of the Sumerian Enki; as one of the supreme triad including Anu and Bel he was assigned control of the watery element

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

HabitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

homines

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

LetternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

MorningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

Philosopher's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

PiecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

PostverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

preventedverbUS /prɪˈventɪd/

past form of “prevent” — keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

Publick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

PursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

PythagorasnounUS /ˌpɪθəˈɡɔːrɑːs/

Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC)

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

Quæ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

Quæque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

ReasonsnounUS /ˈriːzənz/

plural of “reason” — a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

ScholarnounUS /ˈskɒl.ər/

A specialist in a particular branch of study; a distinguished student.

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

ScholarsnounUS /ˈskɑːlərz/

plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

slippingadjectiveUS /ˈslɪpɪŋ/

moving as on a slippery surface

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

somno

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

Strictnessnoun

conscientious attention to rules and details

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

ThoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

to-morrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

unawaresadverbUS /ˌʌnəˈwerz/

without forethought or plan; inadvertently

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

usurpant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

VicesnounUS /ˈvaɪsəz/

plural of “vice” — moral weakness

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

vident

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

vigilantesnounUS /ˌvɪdʒəˈlæntiz/

plural of “vigilante” — member of a vigilance committee

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

vita

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading '--Quæ in vita usurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident, Quæque agunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea cuique in somno accidunt.'

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading If I might second the Philosopher's Advice, it should be mine, That in a Morning before my Scholar rose, he should consider what he had been about that Night, and with the same Strictness, as if the Condition he has believed himself to be in, was real.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading By the last Post I received the following Letter, which is built upon a Thought that is new, and very well carried on; for which Reasons I shall give it to the Publick without Alteration, Addition, or Amendment.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading _SIR_, 'It was a good Piece of Advice which _Pythagoras_ gave to his Scholars, That every Night before they slept they should examine what they had been a doing that Day, and so discover what Actions were worthy of Pursuit to-morrow, and what little Vices were to be prevented from slipping unawares into a Habit.

Chapter 34 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 by Joseph Addison holds 905 sentences, grouped into 181 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 contain?

Chapter 34 holds 905 sentences of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3, unabridged, divided into 181 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 by Joseph Addison exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 905 sentences, grouped into 181 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3?

Work through the 181 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 181 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Common questions about reading The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 by Joseph Addison on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3?

Yes. All 33306 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12030 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12030, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 6662 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 section by section

How to work through The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Price
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Knight's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spectator, Volumes 1, 2 and 3; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.