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The Spirit of the Age
The Spirit of the Age

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Spirit of the Age is here in full — 450 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.
"To know another well were to know one's self."
JEREMY BENTHAM.
Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."
His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Spirit of the Age

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Spirit of the Age is here in full — 450 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.
/kənˈtempəreri ˈpɔːrtrəts/
Line 2
"To know another well were to know one's self."
Line 3
JEREMY BENTHAM.
Line 4
Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."
Line 5
His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.
/hɪz ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən laɪz æt ðə ˌsɜːrˈkʌmfrəns ənd ðə laɪts ʌv hɪz ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ ɑːr rɪˈflektɪd wɪð ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ ˈlʌstər ɑːn ðə ˈʌðər saɪd ʌv ðə ɡloʊb/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adage noun US /ˈædədʒ/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading “Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."”

circumference noun US /ˌsɜːrˈkʌmfrəns/

the size of something as given by the distance around it

From this reading “His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.”

contemporary adjective US /kənˈtempəreri/

characteristic of the present

From this reading “CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.”

globe noun US /ɡloʊb/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading “His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.”

lustre noun US /ˈlʌstər/

a surface coating for ceramics or porcelain

From this reading “His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.”

portraits noun US /ˈpɔːrtrəts/

plural of “portrait” — a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading “CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.”

prophet noun US /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading “Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."”

verify verb US /ˈverəfaɪ/

confirm the truth of

From this reading “Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

adagenounUS /ˈædədʒ/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

BENTHAMnoun

English philosopher and jurist; founder of utilitarianism (1748-1831)

From this reading JEREMY BENTHAM.

circumferencenounUS /ˌsɜːrˈkʌmfrəns/

the size of something as given by the distance around it

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

CONTEMPORARYadjectiveUS /kənˈtempəreri/

characteristic of the present

From this reading CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

globenounUS /ɡloʊb/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

JEREMY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JEREMY BENTHAM.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

lustrenounUS /ˈlʌstər/

a surface coating for ceramics or porcelain

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

one's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

PORTRAITSnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrəts/

plural of “portrait” — a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS.

prophetnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

reflectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪd/

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

selfnounUS /self/

your consciousness of your own identity

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

verifyverbUS /ˈverəfaɪ/

confirm the truth of

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "To know another well were to know one's self."

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Mr. Bentham is one of those persons who verify the old adage, that "A prophet has no honour, except out of his own country."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His reputation lies at the circumference; and the lights of his understanding are reflected, with increasing lustre, on the other side of the globe.

Chapter 1 of The Spirit of the Age by William Hazlitt holds 450 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Spirit of the Age contain?

Chapter 1 holds 450 sentences of The Spirit of the Age, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Spirit of the Age by William Hazlitt exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 450 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Spirit of the Age?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Spirit of the Age

Common questions about reading The Spirit of the Age by William Hazlitt on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Spirit of the Age?

Yes. All 2637 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11068 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Spirit of the Age is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11068, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Spirit of the Age take to read?

About 219 minutes of reading across 528 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Spirit of the Age section by section

How to work through The Spirit of the Age section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of The Spirit of the Age to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Spirit of the Age

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Spirit of the Age, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Contemporary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Age; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Portraits
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Age; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Another
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Age; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
One's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Age; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.