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The Spirit of the Border
The Spirit of the Border

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Spirit of the Border is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Spirit of the Border
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.
Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.
Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.
The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.
Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Spirit of the Border

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Spirit of the Border is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.
Line 2
Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.
/ðen keɪm ðə læst weɪv ʌv ə waɪt skɑːrf ˈfeɪntli ɪn ðə ˈdɪstəns ənd æt leŋkθ ðə dɑːrk ˈaʊtlaɪn ʌv ðə fɔːrt wɑːz ɔːl ðæt rɪˈmeɪnd tuː ðer rɪˈɡretfəl ɡeɪz/
Line 3
Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.
/ˈkwɪkli ðæt tuː ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd bɪˈhaɪnd ðə ɡriːn hɪl wɪtʃ wɪð ɪts boʊld frʌnt ˈfɔːrsɪz ðə ˈrɪvər tuː teɪk ə waɪd tɜːrn/
Line 4
The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.
/ðə oʊˈhaɪoʊ ˈwaɪndɪŋ ɪn ɪts kɔːrs bɪˈtwiːn haɪ ˈwʊdɪd blʌfs roʊld ɑːn ənd ɑːn ˈɪntuː ðə ˈwɪldərnəs/
Line 5
Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bluffs noun US /blʌfs/

plural of “bluff” — a high steep bank (usually formed by river erosion)

From this reading “The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.”

contrasting adjective US /kənˈtræstɪŋ/

strikingly different; tending to contrast

From this reading “Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.”

diminish verb US /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

decrease in size, extent, or range

From this reading “As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.”

rafts noun US /ræfts/

a large number or amount

From this reading “As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.”

regretful adjective US /rɪˈɡretfəl/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading “Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.”

settlers noun US /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading “As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.”

specks noun US /speks/

plural of “speck” — a very small spot

From this reading “As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.”

voyagers noun US /ˈvɔɪɪdʒərz/

plural of “voyager” — a traveler to a distant land (especially one who travels by sea)

From this reading “As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

BeautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

bluffsnounUS /blʌfs/

plural of “bluff” — a high steep bank (usually formed by river erosion)

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

cliffsnounUS /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

contrastingadjectiveUS /kənˈtræstɪŋ/

strikingly different; tending to contrast

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

diminishverbUS /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/

decrease in size, extent, or range

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

driftedverbUS /ˈdrɪftəd/

past form of “drift” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

ever-changingadjective

marked by continuous change or effective action

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

fadedadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪdəd/

having lost freshness or brilliance of color

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

faintlyadverbUS /ˈfeɪntli/

to a faint degree or weakly perceived

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

figuresnounUS /ˈfɪɡjərz/

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

fortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

gazenounUS /ɡeɪz/

a long fixed look

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

gray-faced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

green-clad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

hoveredverbUS /ˈhʌvərd/

past form of “hover” — be undecided about something; waver between conflicting positions or courses of action

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

indistinctadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt/

not clearly defined or easy to perceive or understand

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

landing-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

OhionounUS /oʊˈhaɪoʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

outlinenounUS /ˈaʊtlaɪn/

the line that appears to bound an object

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

QuicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

raftsnounUS /ræfts/

a large number or amount

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

regretfuladjectiveUS /rɪˈɡretfəl/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

scarfnounUS /skɑːrf/

a garment worn around the head or neck or shoulders for warmth or decoration

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

scenerynounUS /ˈsiːnəri/

the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

specksnounUS /speks/

plural of “speck” — a very small spot

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

strikingadjectiveUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

voyagersnounUS /ˈvɔɪɪdʒərz/

plural of “voyager” — a traveler to a distant land (especially one who travels by sea)

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Beautiful as was the ever-changing scenery, rugged gray-faced cliffs on one side contrasting with green-clad hills on the other, there hovered over land and water something more striking than beauty.

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Then came the last wave of a white scarf, faintly in the distance, and at length the dark outline of the fort was all that remained to their regretful gaze.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Quickly that, too, disappeared behind the green hill, which, with its bold front, forces the river to take a wide turn.

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

windingadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/

marked by repeated turns and bends

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As the rafts drifted with the current the voyagers saw the settlers on the landing-place diminish until they had faded from indistinct figures to mere black specks against the green background.

woodedadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdɪd/

covered with growing trees and bushes etc

From this reading The Ohio, winding in its course between high, wooded bluffs, rolled on and on into the wilderness.

Chapter 4 of The Spirit of the Border by Zane Grey holds 219 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Spirit of the Border contain?

Chapter 4 holds 219 sentences of The Spirit of the Border, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Spirit of the Border by Zane Grey exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 219 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Spirit of the Border?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Spirit of the Border

Common questions about reading The Spirit of the Border by Zane Grey on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Spirit of the Border?

Yes. All 6481 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1239 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Spirit of the Border is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1239, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Spirit of the Border take to read?

About 540 minutes of reading across 1297 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Spirit of the Border section by section

How to work through The Spirit of the Border section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of The Spirit of the Border to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Spirit of the Border

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Spirit of the Border, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Growing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Border; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Powerful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Border; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Master
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Border; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Often
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Spirit of the Border; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.