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The Stone Axe of Burkamukk
The Stone Axe of Burkamukk

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk is here in full — 117 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Stone Axe of Burkamukk
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.
They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.
And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.
Fire had been theirs once.
But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Stone Axe of Burkamukk

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk is here in full — 117 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.
/wʌns ðer wɑːz ə taɪm wen ðə blæks hæd noʊ ˈfaɪər/
Line 2
They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.
/ðeɪ hæd nɑːt lɜːrnd ðə weɪ tuː meɪk ɪt baɪ ˈrʌbɪŋ tuː stɪks təˈɡeðər ɔːr ɪf ðeɪ hæd wʌns noʊn ðə weɪ ðeɪ hæd fərˈɡɑːt.n̩ ɪt/
Line 3
And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.
/ənd ðeɪ wɜːr ˈveri ˈmɪzərəbəl fɔːr ɪt wɑːz ˈɔːfən koʊld ənd ˈwɪntri ənd ðeɪ hæd noʊ ˈfaɪər tuː wɔːrm ðem nɔːr ˈeni weɪ ʌv ˈkʊkɪŋ fuːd/
Line 4
Fire had been theirs once.
/ˈfaɪər hæd bɪn ðerz wʌns/
Line 5
But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.
/bʌt ðer keɪm tuː ˈwɪmən əˈpɑːn ðə ɜːrθ streɪndʒ ˈwɪmən ˈspiːkɪŋ ɪn ənˈnoʊn tʌŋz wɪð ɡreɪt aɪz ɪn wɪtʃ ðer wɑːz noʊ fɪr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blacks noun US /blæks/

plural of “black” — the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading “Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.”

cooking noun US /ˈkʊkɪŋ/

the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat

From this reading “And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.”

miserable adjective US /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading “And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.”

rubbing noun US /ˈrʌbɪŋ/

the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another

From this reading “They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.”

sticks noun US /stɪks/

plural of “stick” — an implement consisting of a length of wood

From this reading “They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.”

theirs pronoun US /ðerz/

the one or ones belonging to them

From this reading “Fire had been theirs once.”

tongues noun US /tʌŋz/

plural of “tongue” — a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading “But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.”

wintry adjective US /ˈwɪntri/

characteristic of or occurring in winter

From this reading “And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

unknown tongues adjective + noun counted as “unknown tongue”

In this reading “But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.”

sticks together verb + particle counted as “stick together”

be loyal to one another, especially in times of trouble

In this reading “They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.”

any way adjective + noun

In this reading “And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.”

upon the Earth preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … earth”

In this reading “But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.”

two women noun + noun counted as “two woman”

In this reading “But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Fire had been theirs once.

blacksnounUS /blæks/

plural of “black” — the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

cookingnounUS /ˈkʊkɪŋ/

the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

EarthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

rubbingnounUS /ˈrʌbɪŋ/

the resistance encountered when one body is moved in contact with another

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

sticksnounUS /stɪks/

plural of “stick” — an implement consisting of a length of wood

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

theirspronounUS /ðerz/

the one or ones belonging to them

From this reading Fire had been theirs once.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

tonguesnounUS /tʌŋz/

plural of “tongue” — a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading They had not learned the way to make it by rubbing two sticks together; or if they had once known the way, they had forgotten it.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Once there was a time when the blacks had no fire.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

wintryadjectiveUS /ˈwɪntri/

characteristic of or occurring in winter

From this reading And they were very miserable, for it was often cold and wintry, and they had no fire to warm them, nor any way of cooking food.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading But there came two women upon the Earth; strange women, speaking in unknown tongues, with great eyes in which there was no fear.

Chapter 14 of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk by Mary Grant Bruce holds 117 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk contain?

Chapter 14 holds 117 sentences of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk by Mary Grant Bruce exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 117 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Stone Axe of Burkamukk

Common questions about reading The Stone Axe of Burkamukk by Mary Grant Bruce on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk?

Yes. All 3575 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56699 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56699, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Stone Axe of Burkamukk take to read?

About 297 minutes of reading across 715 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Stone Axe of Burkamukk section by section

How to work through The Stone Axe of Burkamukk section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Stone Axe of Burkamukk

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Stone Axe of Burkamukk, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Black
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tribes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dying
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Legends
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Stone Axe of Burkamukk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.