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The Story of Alexander
The Story of Alexander

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Story of Alexander is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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THE FEAST OF DARIUS.
Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.
The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.
Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.
For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Story of Alexander

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Story of Alexander is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FEAST OF DARIUS.
Line 2
Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.
Line 3
The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.
Line 4
Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.
Line 5
For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.
/fɔːr fjuː ˈmɪnəts ðə fiːld wɑːz ˈkʌvərd wɪð klaʊdz ʌv dʌst ənd ˌæləɡˈzændər kʊd siː ˈnʌθɪŋ ʌv ðə rɪˈzʌlt bʌt suːn ɪt əˈpɪrd ðæt ðə ɡriːks hæd ˈdrɪvən bæk ðə foʊ ənd ðæt ðə fɜːrst əˈtæk ʌv ðə ˈpɜːrʒənz hæd feɪld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clash noun US /klæʃ/

A violent confrontation or disagreement between opposing forces or factions.

From this reading “Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.”

clashed verb US /klæʃt/

past form of “clash” — crash together with violent impact

From this reading “The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.”

giant's noun US /ˈdʒaɪənts/

possessive form of “giant” — any creature of exceptional size

Macedonians noun US /ˌmæsəˈdoʊniənz/

plural of “macedonian” — a native or inhabitant of Macedon

From this reading “Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.”

Persians noun US /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading “Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.”

spurred verb US /spɜːrd/

inflected form of “spur” — incite or stimulate

From this reading “Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.”

steeds noun US /stiːdz/

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading “Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.”

streamers noun US /ˈstriːmərz/

plural of “streamer” — light that streams

From this reading “The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

shone brightly verb + particle counted as “shine brightly”

In this reading “The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.”

few minutes adjective + noun

In this reading “For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.”

five hundred noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the product of one hundred and five

In this reading “Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.”

noble knights adjective + noun counted as “noble knight”

In this reading “Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.”

long streamers adjective + noun counted as “long streamer”

In this reading “The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.”

first time adjective + noun

In this reading “Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.”

young knights adjective + noun counted as “young knight”

In this reading “The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.”

rang out verb + adjective counted as “ring out”

sound loudly

In this reading “The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

attacknounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

battle-leaders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

brightlyadverbUS /ˈbraɪtli/

with brightness

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

clashnounUS /klæʃ/

A violent confrontation or disagreement between opposing forces or factions.

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

clashedverbUS /klæʃt/

past form of “clash” — crash together with violent impact

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

coatsnounUS /koʊts/

plural of “coat” — an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

crashedverbUS /kræʃt/

past form of “crash” — fall or come down violently

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

cuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

dancedverbUS /dænst/

past form of “dance” — move in a graceful and rhythmical way

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

DARIUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEAST OF DARIUS.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

dismounted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

FEASTnounUS /fiːst/

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading THE FEAST OF DARIUS.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

giant'snounUS /ˈdʒaɪənts/

possessive form of “giant” — any creature of exceptional size

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

GreeksnounUS /ɡriːks/

plural of “greek” — the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

hopesnounUS /hoʊps/

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

lances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

MacedoniansnounUS /ˌmæsəˈdoʊniənz/

plural of “macedonian” — a native or inhabitant of Macedon

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

mailnounUS /meɪl/

the bags of letters and packages that are transported by the postal service

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

noisenounUS /nɔɪz/

sound of any kind (especially unintelligible or dissonant sound)

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FEAST OF DARIUS.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

PersiansnounUS /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

pranced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

rangverbUS /ræŋ/

inflected form of “ring” — sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

shieldnounUS /ʃiːld/

a protective covering or structure

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

smithynoun

a workplace where metal is worked by heating and hammering

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

SoonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

soundedverbUS /ˈsaʊndɪd/

past form of “sound” — appear in a certain way

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

spearsnounUS /spɪrz/

plural of “spear” — a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

spurredverbUS /spɜːrd/

inflected form of “spur” — incite or stimulate

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

steedsnounUS /stiːdz/

plural of “steed” — (literary) a spirited horse for state of war

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

streamersnounUS /ˈstriːmərz/

plural of “streamer” — light that streams

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

stumblingverbUS /ˈstʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

sword-strokes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For few minutes the field was covered with clouds of dust, and Alexander could see nothing of the result, but soon it appeared that the Greeks had driven back the foe, and that the first attack of the Persians had failed.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FEAST OF DARIUS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

thunderingadjectiveUS /ˈθʌndərɪŋ/

sounding like thunder

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

trumpetsnounUS /ˈtrʌmpəts/

pitcher plant of southeastern United States having erect yellow trumpet-shaped pitchers with wide mouths and erect lids

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

victorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Now for the first time the armies of the Macedonians and the Persians came in face of each other, and hopes of victory were on either side, for the Persians were many, and their battle-leaders were five hundred noble knights.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading Soon Darius ordered the battle to begin, the knights laid their spears in rest, and each, with his shield hung before him, spurred his horse; the Greeks came on to meet them, and they crashed into each other with a thundering noise and a shout, and all the fair field was covered with stumbling steeds and knights dismounted and wounded and dead; and the clash of sword-strokes cutting through coats of mail sounded like the noise of a giant’s smithy.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The sun shone brightly, the trumpets rang out against each other, and the long streamers of the lances danced in the wind; the horses pranced, and the young knights clashed their arms.

Chapter 10 of The Story of Alexander by Robert Steele holds 79 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Story of Alexander contain?

Chapter 10 holds 79 sentences of The Story of Alexander, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Story of Alexander by Robert Steele exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 79 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Story of Alexander?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Story of Alexander

Common questions about reading The Story of Alexander by Robert Steele on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Story of Alexander?

Yes. All 1506 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64991 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Story of Alexander is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64991, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Story of Alexander take to read?

About 125 minutes of reading across 302 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Story of Alexander section by section

How to work through The Story of Alexander section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Story of Alexander to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Story of Alexander

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Story of Alexander, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Alexander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Changes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Alexander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Noted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Alexander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Promised
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Story of Alexander; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.