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The story of Burnt Njal
The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter CVIII · Chapter 108

Chapter 108 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 12 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.
Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.
Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.
So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.
Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter CVIII · Chapter 108

Chapter 108 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 12 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.
Line 2
Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.
Line 3
Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.
Line 4
So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.
/soʊ ɪt keɪm əˈbaʊt ðæt hiː ɡɑːt hɪmˈself ˈɪntuː sʌtʃ ɡreɪt ˈfrendʃɪp wɪð ðem ðæt ˈniːðər saɪd θɔːt ðeɪ hæd ˈteɪkən ˈeni ɡʊd ˈkaʊnsəl ənˈles ðə ˈʌðər hæd ə ʃer ɪn ɪt/
Line 5
Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

counsel noun US /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading “So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.”

disliked adjective US /dɪˈslaɪkt/

regarded with aversion

From this reading “Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.”

friendship noun US /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading “So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.”

rode verb US /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading “Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.”

share verb US /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading “So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.”

sons noun US /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading “OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.”

sought adjective US /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading “Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.”

thither adverb US /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading “Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

Bergthorsknoll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

counselnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

dislikedadjectiveUS /dɪˈslaɪkt/

regarded with aversion

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

MORD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

Njal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

NJAL'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

Skarphedinn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

SONSnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading OF MORD AND NJAL'S SONS.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading So it came about that he got himself into such great friendship with them, that neither side thought they had taken any good counsel unless the other had a share in it.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Njal always disliked his coming thither, and it often happened that he was angry with him.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Skarphedinn took it all well, but said he had never sought for anything of the kind before.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Some while after Mord rode to Bergthorsknoll and saw Skarphedinn there; he fell into very fair words with them, and so he talked the whole day, and said he wished to be good friends with them, and to see much of them.

Chapter 108 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent holds 12 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 108 of The story of Burnt Njal contain?

Chapter 108 holds 12 sentences of The story of Burnt Njal, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 108 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 12 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 108 of The story of Burnt Njal?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 108 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 108 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The story of Burnt Njal

Words and structures a reader meets early in The story of Burnt Njal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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