Chapter 30 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XXX
Chapter 30 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
GUNNAR GOES ABROAD. So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him. They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter. There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda. Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
Chapter 30 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 37 sentences across 8 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/7 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount
From this reading “Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.”
past form of “fare” — proceed or get along
From this reading “So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.”
a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905
From this reading “There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.”
a domain in which something is dominant
From this reading “Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.”
subject to a ruling authority
From this reading “Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.”
plural of “ruler” — a person who rules or commands
From this reading “There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.”
past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)
From this reading “They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.”
make a shift in or exchange of
From this reading “There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
to or in a foreign country
From this reading GUNNAR GOES ABROAD.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.
having undesirable or negative qualities
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
the past participle of “be”
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
past form of “fare” — proceed or get along
From this reading So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)
From this reading GUNNAR GOES ABROAD.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading GUNNAR GOES ABROAD.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.
a constitutional monarchy in northern Europe on the western side of the Scandinavian Peninsula; achieved independence from Sweden in 1905
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
a domain in which something is dominant
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
subject to a ruling authority
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
plural of “ruler” — a person who rules or commands
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
make a shift in or exchange of
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.
a male human offspring
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Earl Hacon the Bad, Sigurd's son, Hacon's son, Gritgarth's son, then ruled the realm.
subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
in or at that place or location
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading There had then been a shift of rulers in Norway, Harold Grayfell was then dead, and so was Gunnhillda.
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox
From this reading They sailed first to Tönsberg,[13] and were there that winter.
in the company of; together with
From this reading So Gunnar fared abroad, and Kolskegg with him.
Chapter 30 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent holds 37 sentences, grouped into 8 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 30 holds 37 sentences of The story of Burnt Njal, unabridged, divided into 8 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 30 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 37 sentences, grouped into 8 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 8 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 8 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
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