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The story of Burnt Njal
The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter LI · Chapter 51

Chapter 51 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF SKAMKELL'S LYING.
Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.
"It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"
"The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."
So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The story of Burnt Njal

Chapter LI · Chapter 51

Chapter 51 of The story of Burnt Njal is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF SKAMKELL'S LYING.
Line 2
Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.
Line 3
"It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"
Line 4
"The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."
Line 5
So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

answers noun US /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading “"The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."”

bravely adverb US /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading “"It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"”

fetch verb US /fetʃ/

go or come after and bring or take back

From this reading “So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.”

offered verb US /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading “"It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"”

offers noun US /ˈɔːfərz/

plural of “offer” — the verbal act of offering

From this reading “Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.”

priest noun US /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading “So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.”

stayed verb US /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading “So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.”

utterance noun US /ˈʌtərəns/

the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication

From this reading “"The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

answersnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

bravelyadverbUS /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

fetchverbUS /fetʃ/

go or come after and bring or take back

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

Geir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

Gizur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

LYINGnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading OF SKAMKELL'S LYING.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

Mossfell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF SKAMKELL'S LYING.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

offersnounUS /ˈɔːfərz/

plural of “offer” — the verbal act of offering

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

priestnounUS /priːst/

a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

repeatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈpiːtɪd/

recurring again and again

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

Skamkell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

SKAMKELL'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OF SKAMKELL'S LYING.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading So Skamkell stayed there the night over, but Gizur sent a man to fetch Geir the priest; and he came there early.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Skamkell came to Mossfell, and repeated all the offers to Gizur.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

utterancenounUS /ˈʌtərəns/

the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

waitedverbUS /ˈweɪtɪd/

past form of “wait” — stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "It so seems to me," says Gizur, "as though these have been bravely offered; but why took he not these offers?"

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading "The chief cause was," answers Skamkell, "that all wished to show thee honour, and that was why he waited for thy utterance; besides, that is best for all."

Chapter 51 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent holds 30 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 51 of The story of Burnt Njal contain?

Chapter 51 holds 30 sentences of The story of Burnt Njal, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 51 of The story of Burnt Njal by George Webbe, Sir [Translator] Dasent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 30 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 51 of The story of Burnt Njal?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 51 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 51 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The story of Burnt Njal

Words and structures a reader meets early in The story of Burnt Njal, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The story of Burnt Njal, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.